{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O1261047"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O1261047/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2013GE2050/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2013GE2050/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"high","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2013GE2050","copyright":"©Victoria and Albert Museum, London/Froner Plastics Ltd.","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":{"_iiif_pres":"https://iiif.vam.ac.uk/collections/O1261047/manifest.json","_alt_iiif_pres":[]}},"record":{"systemNumber":"O1261047","accessionNumber":"T.10-2013","objectType":"Button","titles":[],"summaryDescription":"This button was produced in the Froner Plastics factory, London, around 1949. Buttons made from seashells, with holes for threading, have been found dating back to 2000 BCE, although these were probably used with more decorative purpose. Functional buttons, designed to fasten with buttonholes, were first seen in Germany in the 13th century. Over the centuries following, the history of the button reflects trends in applied aesthetics, designed by artists or in cottage industries, made from seashell, metals, woods and as this one, with plastic. This particular one reflects the 20th century development in mass produced clothing, made on a machine designed to replicate the exact design very quickly and easily.","physicalDescription":"Transparent plastic, probably cellulose acetate, circular button with stamped, raised metal disc attached by loop of wire through central hole. The back of the button has a carved pattern of lines around the edges.","artistMakerPerson":[],"artistMakerOrganisations":[{"name":{"text":"Froner Plastics Ltd","id":"A37338"},"association":{"text":"manufactured","id":"x39721"},"note":""}],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"cellulose acetate","id":"AAT14439"},{"text":"metal","id":"AAT10900"}],"techniques":[{"text":"carving","id":"AAT53149"},{"text":"assembling","id":"AAT53007"},{"text":"stamping","id":"AAT53138"}],"materialsAndTechniques":"Machine-carved cellulose acetate, hand-assembled with stamped and raised metal disc","categories":[{"text":"Fashion","id":"THES48957"},{"text":"Europeana Fashion Project","id":"THES265804"}],"styles":[],"collectionCode":{"text":"T&F","id":"THES48601"},"images":["2013GE2050"],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"005","id":"THES385808"},"free":"","case":"","shelf":"","box":""}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"buttons (fasteners)","id":"AAT239261"}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"London","id":"x28980"},"association":{"text":"manufactured","id":"x29350"},"note":""}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"ca. 1949","earliest":"1944-01-01","latest":"1953-12-31"},"association":{"text":"manufactured","id":"x29350"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[],"creditLine":"Given by Mr F. Beck","dimensions":[{"dimension":"height","value":"10.3","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"03/04/2013","earliest":"2013-04-03","latest":"2013-04-03"},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"diameter","value":"2.2","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"03/04/2013","earliest":"2013-04-03","latest":"2013-04-03"},"part":"","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"","marksAndInscriptions":[],"objectHistory":"","historicalContext":"","briefDescription":"Plastic button, transparent with central brass raised disc, 1940s, British","bibliographicReferences":[],"production":"","productionType":{"text":"Mass produced","id":"THES48863"},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[],"partNumbers":["T.10-2013"],"accessionNumberNum":"10","accessionNumberPrefix":"T","accessionYear":2013,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":[],"recordModificationDate":"2025-04-16","recordCreationDate":"2013-02-19","availableToBook":true}}