{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O1260465"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O1260465/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2013GA8101/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2013GA8101/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"low","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2013GA8101","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2015HM8191","copyright":"©Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":null},"record":{"systemNumber":"O1260465","accessionNumber":"E.209-2011","objectType":"Poster","titles":[{"title":"Release All South African Political Prisoners!","type":"assigned by artist"}],"summaryDescription":"Ernest Cole is best known for his radical, visceral, and unflinching images of black life in his native country of South Africa, and his adopted home of the United States. Documenting the realities of Apartheid (the racial segregation of black and white citizens), Cole was initially inspired by the American Civil Rights Movement, and from the 1950’s went to work documenting the racial oppression evident across the nation. \n\r\nLimited by travel restrictions unfairly enforced upon black citizens, Cole had his legal records reclassified as ‘Coloured’ (Mixed Raced). This new ethnic classification allowed for freer movement and eventually catalysed the photojournalist to apply for a passport. While under pressure from police authorities, he undertook a self-imposed ‘exile’, travelling first to the UK before landing in the United States. There, he continued his documentation of black life. \n\r\nHis book <i>House of Bondage</i>, published in the United States in 1967, and banned in South Africa, gave an unblinking look into the daily violence of segregated oppression. The photographer described the book as the ‘extraordinary experience to live as though life were a punishment for being black’.\r\n\r\n","physicalDescription":"Poster in black with red lettering entitled 'Release All South African Political Prisoners!', published by the Anti-Apartheid Movement.  The poster shows a close-up photograph of young men behind bars.  Stamped with the Anti-Apartheid yin and yang symbol.","artistMakerPerson":[{"name":{"text":"King, David","id":"A33364"},"association":{"text":"designer","id":"x36960"},"note":""},{"name":{"text":"Ernest Cole","id":"A11537"},"association":{"text":"photographer","id":"AAT25687"},"note":""}],"artistMakerOrganisations":[{"name":{"text":"Anti-Apartheid Movement","id":"A35573"},"association":{"text":"commissioners","id":"AAT25446"},"note":""}],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"paper","id":"AAT14109"}],"techniques":[{"text":"printing","id":"AAT53319"}],"materialsAndTechniques":"Printed poster","categories":[{"text":"Posters","id":"THES252963"}],"styles":[],"collectionCode":{"text":"PDP","id":"THES48595"},"images":["2013GA8101","2015HM8191"],"imageResolution":"low","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"LVLC","id":"THES49171"},"free":"","case":"Y","shelf":"69","box":"A"}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"poster","id":"AAT27221"}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"Great Britain","id":"x32019"},"association":{"text":"published","id":"x30682"},"note":""}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"ca. 1980","earliest":"1975-01-01","latest":"1984-12-31"},"association":{"text":"published","id":"x30682"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[],"creditLine":"","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Height","value":"43.5","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Width","value":"63","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"Dimensions measured 31/01/2013","marksAndInscriptions":[],"objectHistory":"","historicalContext":"","briefDescription":"Poster by David King entitled 'Release All South African Political Prisoners!', published by the Anti-Apartheid Movement.  Great Britain, ca. late 1970s-mid 1980s.","bibliographicReferences":[],"production":"","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[{"text":"South Africa","id":"x30058"}],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[{"text":"political","id":"AAT201080"},{"text":"political prisoners","id":"x42516"},{"text":"portrait","id":"AAT15637"},{"text":"apartheid","id":"AAT249198"}],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[],"partNumbers":["E.209-2011"],"accessionNumberNum":"209","accessionNumberPrefix":"E","accessionYear":2011,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":[],"recordModificationDate":"2025-05-09","recordCreationDate":"2013-01-29","availableToBook":false}}