{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O124386"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O124386/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2016JB5031/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2016JB5031/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"high","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2016JB5031","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2011EM7330","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2006BD6402","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2017JU1183","copyright":"©Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2017JV0797","copyright":"©Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2017KA7395","copyright":"©Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":{"_iiif_pres":"https://iiif.vam.ac.uk/collections/O124386/manifest.json","_alt_iiif_pres":[]}},"record":{"systemNumber":"O124386","accessionNumber":"02593(IS)","objectType":"Huqqa base","titles":[],"summaryDescription":"This huqqa base (for a water pipe) was made in the Mughal empire in the 18th century. Is globular body is made of metal, completely concealed by the overlay of pale greyish green nephrite inlaid with carnelian/chalcedony, lapis lazuli, ruby and other stones (often in coloured, reflective settings) in gold. Its short, ridged neck has a dark green nephrite mount and similar stones set in gold.\r\nTobacco smoking was introduced into the empire from the Deccan sultanates to the south in 1604. The emperor Akbar (r. 1556-1605) had sent an emissary, Asad Beg, to Bijapur who wrote an account of his visit in Persian. It has been translated into English: 'In Bijapur I found some tobacco. Never having seen the like in India, I brought some with me and prepared a handsome pipe of jewelled work' which he presented to Akbar. He reported that merchants began to sell tobacco, so the habit of smoking quickly spread. Akbar's son, Jahangir, banned smoking in his presence.\r\nThe huqqa base came from the collection of Colonel Charles Seton Guthrie who sold it with other objects from his collection to the Indian Museum in Leadenhall Street, London, in 1868. They were all transferred to the South Kensington Museum, later renamed the Victoria and Albert Museum, in 1879.","physicalDescription":"The huqqa base has a globular body of metal covered with inlaid pale greyish green nephrite, carnelian/chalcedony, lapis lazuli, ruby and other stones (often in coloured, reflective settings) in gold. It has a short, ridged neck with a dark green nephrite mount and similar stones set in gold.","artistMakerPerson":[{"name":{"text":"Unknown","id":"A1848"},"association":{"text":"","id":""},"note":""}],"artistMakerOrganisations":[],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"nephrite","id":"AAT11120"},{"text":"carnelian","id":"AAT133223"},{"text":"chalcedony","id":"AAT11134"},{"text":"gold","id":"AAT11021"},{"text":"lapis lazuli","id":"AAT11122"},{"text":"opaque blue glass (simulating turquoise)","id":"THES268038"},{"text":"pyrope garnet","id":"THES268121"},{"text":"ruby","id":"AAT11082"}],"techniques":[],"materialsAndTechniques":"Nephrite jade, carnelian, chalcedony, glass, lapis lazuli, pyrope garnet, ruby and gold. Fashioned using a variety of techniques.","categories":[{"text":"Gemstones","id":"THES270329"},{"text":"Hardstone","id":"THES270137"},{"text":"Smoking accessories","id":"THES49036"},{"text":"India Museum","id":"THES286062"}],"styles":[{"text":"Mughal","id":"AAT18939"}],"collectionCode":{"text":"SSEA","id":"THES48598"},"images":["2016JB5031","2011EM7330","2006BD6402","2017JU1183","2017JV0797","2017KA7395"],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"004","id":"THES371690"},"free":"","case":"","shelf":"","box":""}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"Huqqa base","id":""}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"Mughal Empire","id":"THES262021"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"18th century","earliest":"1700-01-01","latest":"1800-12-31"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[],"creditLine":"From the collection of Colonel Charles Seton Guthrie","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Height","value":"187.0","unit":"mm","qualifier":"+/- 1.0","date":{"text":"29/07/2015","earliest":"2015-07-29","latest":"2015-07-29"},"part":"02593(IS)","note":"Overall height"},{"dimension":"Diameter","value":"177.0","unit":"mm","qualifier":"+/- 1.0","date":{"text":"29/07/2015","earliest":"2015-07-29","latest":"2015-07-29"},"part":"02593(IS)","note":""},{"dimension":"Height","value":"46.0","unit":"mm","qualifier":"+/- 0.5","date":{"text":"29/07/2015","earliest":"2015-07-29","latest":"2015-07-29"},"part":"02593(IS)","note":"Height of the neck"},{"dimension":"Diameter","value":"69.6","unit":"mm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"29/07/2015","earliest":"2015-07-29","latest":"2015-07-29"},"part":"02593(IS)","note":"External diameter of the neck at the top"}],"dimensionsNote":"","marksAndInscriptions":[],"objectHistory":"From the collection of Colonel Charles Seton Guthrie.","historicalContext":"","briefDescription":"Huqqa base, rounded with neck and a flat base, pale greyish green nephrite jade, inset stones in gold, Mughal court, 18th century","bibliographicReferences":[{"reference":{"text":"Swallow, D., Stronge, S., Crill, R., Koezuka, T., editor and translator,  <i>The Art of the Indian Courts.  Miniature Painting and Decorative Arts</i>, Victoria & Albert Museum and NHK Kinki Media Plan, 1993.","id":"AUTH346698"},"details":"p. 46, cat. no. 20","free":"\r\n"},{"reference":{"text":"Jackson, Anna and Ji Wei (eds.) with Rosemary Crill, Ainsley M. Cameron and Nicholas Barnard, compiled by the Palace Museum, translated by Yuan Hong, Qi Yue and Liu Ran. <u>The Splendour of India' Royal Courts : Collection of the Victoria and Albert Museum</u>. Beijing: the Forbidden City Publishing House, 2013. Text in English and Chinese. ISBN 9787513403917.","id":"AUTH325369"},"details":"pps. 40 and 41","free":""},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Rogers, Emma: Arts of Asia, vol. 45, no. 5, September - October 2015,   \"The Parasol Foundation Trust Programme: digitising and cataloguing the V&A's South Asian collection.\",  p. 112, pl. 40."},{"reference":{"text":"The art of India and Pakistan, a commemorative catalogue of the exhibition held at the Royal Academy of Arts, London, 1947-8. Edited by Sir Leigh Ashton. London: Faber and Faber, [1950]","id":"AUTH343744"},"details":"p. 229, cat. no. 1173","free":""},{"reference":{"text":"Ayers, J. Oriental Art in the Victoria and Albert Museum, London 1983, ISBN 0-85667-120-7","id":"AUTH347571"},"details":"p. 73","free":""}],"production":"","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[],"partNumbers":["02593(IS)"],"accessionNumberNum":"02593","accessionNumberPrefix":"","accessionYear":null,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":[],"recordModificationDate":"2026-06-05","recordCreationDate":"2006-05-26","availableToBook":true}}