{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O1243669"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O1243669/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2014GW6247/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2014GW6247/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"high","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2014GW6247","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":{"_iiif_pres":"https://iiif.vam.ac.uk/collections/O1243669/manifest.json","_alt_iiif_pres":[]}},"record":{"systemNumber":"O1243669","accessionNumber":"S.52-2012","objectType":"Music","titles":[{"title":"Negro Melodies","type":"assigned by artist"}],"summaryDescription":"Music sheet cover for 'Negro Melodies', performed by the Ethiopian Serenaders, published by D'Almaine, ca. 1845.","physicalDescription":"Cover of the sheet music for 'Negro Melodies'. Around the edge are a series of 12 pictorial representations of the songs that feature in the collection of music. In the centre is the title of the collection, and a list of the songs. Publication details at bottom of page.","artistMakerPerson":[],"artistMakerOrganisations":[{"name":{"text":"D'Almaine & Co.","id":"A26617"},"association":{"text":"publishers","id":"AAT25574"},"note":""},{"name":{"text":"Stannard","id":"AUTH320680"},"association":{"text":"printers (people)","id":"AAT25732"},"note":""}],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"paper","id":"x30308"},{"text":"ink","id":"AAT15012"}],"techniques":[{"text":"engraving (printing process)","id":"AAT53225"}],"materialsAndTechniques":"Engraving","categories":[{"text":"Entertainment & Leisure","id":"THES48959"},{"text":"Prints","id":"THES48903"}],"styles":[],"collectionCode":{"text":"T&P","id":"THES48602"},"images":["2014GW6247"],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"004","id":"THES356696"},"free":"","case":"","shelf":"","box":""}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"sheet music","id":"AAT26430"}],[{"text":"music","id":"AAT54146"}],[{"text":"scores","id":"AAT26427"}],[{"text":"prints","id":"AAT41273"}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"Yes-general","note":"NB The term \"coon\" refers to a demeaning stereotype born out of plantation slavery and applied to African Americans. The term is repeated here in its original historical context.\r\n\nThe term \"negro\" was used historically to describe people of black African heritage but, since the 1960s, has fallen from usage and, increasingly, is considered offensive. The term is repeated in this record in its original historical context."}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"London","id":"x28980"},"association":{"text":"printed","id":"x46159"},"note":""}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"ca. 1845","earliest":"1840-01-01","latest":"1849-12-31"},"association":{"text":"printed and published","id":"x35383"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[],"creditLine":"Given by John Hall","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Height","value":"33.5","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Width","value":"24.5","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"","marksAndInscriptions":[{"content":"'NEGRO MELODIES / SUNG BY / THE / ETHIOPIAN SERENADERS / THE AMERICAN BANJO PLAYERS / CONTENTS / 1. LUCY NEAL / 2. PHILADELPHY GALS / 3. BUFFALO GALS / 4. MY OLD AUNT SALLY / 5. OH GET ALONG HOME / 6. SOME BODY IN DE HOUSE WID DINAH / 7. UNCLE BOWKER / 8. OH! MR COON / 9. DE DANDY BROADWAY SWELL / 10. OLD DAN TUCKER / 11. BOATMAN'S DANCE / 12. JIM CRACK COM / LONDON; D'ALMAINE & CO. 20, SOHO SQUARE. / PRINTED BY STANNARD & CO 7 POLAND ST / Ent Sta Hall / Pr 2/'","inscriber":{"name":{"text":"","id":""},"association":{"text":"","id":""}},"date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"description":"","interpretation":"","language":"","medium":"","method":"","position":"","script":"","translation":"","transliteration":"","type":"","note":"Printed on front of cover"}],"objectHistory":"The Ethiopian Serenaders were an American blackface minstrel troupe managed by James A. Dumbolton. The troupe toured the UK in 1846 and 1848, performing in England and Scotland. The group of white musicians performed music originating from Black artists and from African American musical tradition.\r\n\r\n'Blackface minstrelsy' originated in the United States around 1830 and was based on racist negative stereotypes of African Americans. White performers used make-up to blacken their skin. Blackface minstrelsy played a significant role in cementing and proliferating racist attitudes.\r\n\r\nNB The term \"coon\" refers to a demeaning stereotype born out of plantation slavery and applied to African Americans. The term is repeated here in its original historical context.\r\n\r\nThe term \"negro\" was used historically to describe people of black African heritage but, since the 1960s, has fallen from usage and, increasingly, is considered offensive. The term is repeated in this record in its original historical context.","historicalContext":"","briefDescription":"Music sheet cover for 'Negro Melodies', performed by the Ethiopian Serenaders, published by D'Almaine, ca. 1845.","bibliographicReferences":[],"production":"","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[{"text":"Ethiopian Serenaders","id":"AUTH317508"}],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":["Negro Melodies","Lucy Neal","Philadepphy Gals","Buffalo Gals","My Old Aunt Sally","Oh Get Along Home","Some Body In De House With Dinah","Uncle Bowker","Oh! Mr Coon","De Dandy Broadway Swell","Old Dan Tucker","Boatman's Dance","Jim Crack Com"],"galleryLabels":[],"partNumbers":["S.52-2012"],"accessionNumberNum":"52","accessionNumberPrefix":"S","accessionYear":2012,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":[],"recordModificationDate":"2026-05-06","recordCreationDate":"2012-02-16","availableToBook":true}}