{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O1243279"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O1243279/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2015HK1292/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2015HK1292/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"low","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2015HK1292","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2015HK1293","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2015HK1294","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":null},"record":{"systemNumber":"O1243279","accessionNumber":"W.23-2011","objectType":"Stool","titles":[{"title":"BM Horse Stool","type":"assigned by artist"}],"summaryDescription":"This stool’s story really begins four-thousand years ago in India with the invention of <i>dhokra</i> lost wax casting. This technique, used for most of its history for the production of folk idols, ornaments and interior items such as lamps, was adopted by the designer at the turn of the millennium to produce a set of matching furniture.\r\n\r\nThe stool was finally realised in 2008 after an eight-year process. Unsatisfied with the results he could achieve in India, the home of dhokra, it was in Italy that he finally managed to produce the sculptural furniture he desired.\r\n\r\nThe importance of this stool is that it revisits a traditional technique to produce a very modern and refined piece. The form and decoration relates it back to traditional terracotta horse idols from Bankura in West Bengal. Used as votive offerings, these objects are characterised by their rounded bodies and short legs and are usually decorated with clay coils.\r\n\r\nThe raised-metal thread patterning is also characteristic of <i>dhokra</i>, and is a result of the casting process. The form of the object was first realised with a clay core, which was covered with beeswax arranged in threads. A second layer of clay was then added on top, with vents so that the wax could escape. Molten metal was poured in, which melted and replaced the wax, and then, once cooled, the clay was broken away leaving the finished bronze form.","physicalDescription":"Circular four-legged stool in cast bronze alloy in a flattened disc form. The sides bulge out beyond the seat and taper down into the legs. It is decorated all-over with characteristic <i>dhokra</i>raised-thread patterning. Sandblasted surface coated with deep-black patina.","artistMakerPerson":[{"name":{"text":"Satyendra Pakhalé","id":"AUTH317262"},"association":{"text":"designer","id":"x36960"},"note":""}],"artistMakerOrganisations":[],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"metal","id":"AAT10958"},{"text":"bronze","id":"AAT10957"}],"techniques":[{"text":"casting","id":"x45143"},{"text":"coating","id":"AAT53772"},{"text":"sandblasting","id":"AAT53031"}],"materialsAndTechniques":"Lost wax bell metal casting (bronze alloy with sandblasted surface coating)","categories":[{"text":"Bronze","id":"THES49033"},{"text":"Furniture","id":"THES48948"},{"text":"Metalwork","id":"THES48920"}],"styles":[],"collectionCode":{"text":"FWK","id":"THES48597"},"images":["2015HK1292","2015HK1293","2015HK1294"],"imageResolution":"low","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"002","id":"THES344672"},"free":"","case":"","shelf":"","box":""}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"stool","id":"AAT38418"}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"Amsterdam","id":"x28722"},"association":{"text":"designed","id":"x29338"},"note":""},{"place":{"text":"Italy","id":"x45419"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"2000-2007","earliest":"2000-01-01","latest":"2007-12-31"},"association":{"text":"designed","id":"x29338"},"note":""},{"date":{"text":"2008","earliest":"2008-01-01","latest":"2008-12-31"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[],"creditLine":"Purchased by the Outset Design Fund","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Height","value":"40","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Diameter","value":"73","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Weight","value":"60","unit":"kg","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"dimensions taken from RF","marksAndInscriptions":[],"objectHistory":"For several years the designer attempted to make the stool in India but could not achieve the desired quality, hence the decision to have it made in Italy.","historicalContext":"","briefDescription":"'BM Horse Stool', bronze alloy with sandblasted surface coating, Satyendra Pakhalé, Italy, 2008","bibliographicReferences":[],"production":"edition of 7; plus 3 artist's proofs","productionType":{"text":"Artist's proof","id":"THES48869"},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[],"partNumbers":["W.23-2011"],"accessionNumberNum":"23","accessionNumberPrefix":"W","accessionYear":2011,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":["2023NL2650"],"recordModificationDate":"2025-08-15","recordCreationDate":"2012-02-02","availableToBook":true}}