{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O1239985"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O1239985/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2012FN8131/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2012FN8131/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"high","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2012FN8131","copyright":"©Victoria and Albert Museum, London/Birgit Skiöld","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":{"_iiif_pres":"https://iiif.vam.ac.uk/collections/O1239985/manifest.json","_alt_iiif_pres":[]}},"record":{"systemNumber":"O1239985","accessionNumber":"E.441-2011","objectType":"Print","titles":[{"title":"Furrowed Wave","type":"assigned by artist"}],"summaryDescription":"Birgit Skiöld (1923-82) was born in Sweden. She moved to London in 1948, and ten years later opened her own print studio as the Print Workshop in Charlotte Street, London, the first open access print workshop for artists. She was a pioneer in her practice too, championing the status of print as fine art, and experimenting with techniques (often in innovative combinations or applications).  She established a formidable reputation as a printmaker - notably in lithography and etching - and in the later 1960s and 1970s won particular recognition for her blind-embossed (inkless) prints.  Thanks to the generosity of the Birgit Skiöld Memorial Trust, the artist's archive came to the AAD in 1997. The archive includes impressions of almost all her prints, but this print is one of a further gift of 13 prints given to the print collection at South Kensington.\r\n\r\nThis etching is a two-colour ‘viscosity print’. Blue ink was applied to the intaglio depressions on the plate and over this was rolled a layer of thinner yellow ink to the relief surface of the plate. The different viscosities of ink prevented mixing. For the swirling patterns artist Birgit Skiöld (1923-1982) combined sugar lift aquatint with open bite etching. Skiöld was born in Sweden but moved to London in 1948 and opened the first open-access print workshop. ","physicalDescription":"Print, etching and aquatint, 'Furrowed Wave' by Birgit Skiöld, London, 1968","artistMakerPerson":[{"name":{"text":"Birgit Skiöld","id":"AUTH324445"},"association":{"text":"artist","id":"AAT25103"},"note":""}],"artistMakerOrganisations":[],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"printing ink","id":"AAT187371"},{"text":"paper","id":"x30308"}],"techniques":[{"text":"etching","id":"AAT53241"},{"text":"aquatint","id":"AAT53242"}],"materialsAndTechniques":"Etching and aquatint from two shaped plates","categories":[{"text":"Prints","id":"THES48903"},{"text":"Printmaking techniques","id":"THES252987"}],"styles":[],"collectionCode":{"text":"PDP","id":"THES48595"},"images":["2012FN8131"],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"LVLF","id":"THES49656"},"free":"","case":"EDUC","shelf":"9","box":"A"}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"print","id":"AAT41273"}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"London","id":"x28980"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":"Probably"}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"1968","earliest":"1968-01-01","latest":"1968-12-31"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[],"creditLine":"Given by the Birgit Skiöld Memorial Trust","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Height","value":"43.8","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Width","value":"53.3","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"","marksAndInscriptions":[{"content":"Artist proof Birgit Skiöld - 68","inscriber":{"name":{"text":"","id":""},"association":{"text":"","id":""}},"date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"description":"","interpretation":"","language":"","medium":"","method":"","position":"","script":"","translation":"","transliteration":"","type":"","note":"Artist's proof; signature; date. All in pencil."},{"content":"Furrowed Wave [illegible] colour etching 1968 HM0155 BSMT30","inscriber":{"name":{"text":"","id":""},"association":{"text":"","id":""}},"date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"description":"","interpretation":"","language":"","medium":"","method":"","position":"","script":"","translation":"","transliteration":"","type":"","note":"Title; medium; date; numbers assigned by the Birgit Skiöld Memorial Trust. All in pencil on the back."}],"objectHistory":"","historicalContext":"","briefDescription":"Etching and aquatint. Birgit Skiöld. Furrowed Wave, London, 1968.","bibliographicReferences":[],"production":"","productionType":{"text":"Limited edition","id":"THES48862"},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[],"partNumbers":["E.441-2011"],"accessionNumberNum":"441","accessionNumberPrefix":"E","accessionYear":2011,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":[],"recordModificationDate":"2026-01-26","recordCreationDate":"2011-07-28","availableToBook":false}}