{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O121724"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O121724/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2008BT2044/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2008BT2044/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"high","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2008BT2044","copyright":"©Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2008BT2050","copyright":"©Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2008BT2049","copyright":"©Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2008BT2048","copyright":"©Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2008BT2047","copyright":"©Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2008BT2046","copyright":"©Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2008BT2045","copyright":"©Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2008BT2043","copyright":"©Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2008BT2042","copyright":"©Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2008BT2041","copyright":"©Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2008BT1988","copyright":"©Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2008BT1987","copyright":"©Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":{"_iiif_pres":"https://iiif.vam.ac.uk/collections/O121724/manifest.json","_alt_iiif_pres":[]}},"record":{"systemNumber":"O121724","accessionNumber":"M.184-1975","objectType":"Ring","titles":[],"summaryDescription":"Posy rings, the name deriving from <i>poesy</i> ('poetry'), are rings with inscriptions that express affection, friendship and love. Rhyming or cryptic inscriptions were fashionable from around 1200-1500, and were written in Latin but more commonly in French, the language of courtly love. Both these languages were spoken and understood fairly widely by the elite in medieval Europe. The repetition of particular inscriptions suggest that goldsmiths had reference books of stock phrases; the more unusual inscriptions perhaps indicate a client's individual request. The circular hoop could be engraved both inside and out; until around 1350 the style of lettering took the form of the rounded capitals, known as Lombardic script, and from that date until after 1500 lettering was in the spiky script known as Gothic.","physicalDescription":"Posy ring, gold, the bifaceted circular hoop inscribed in Lombardic capitals <i>+ WEL: WERE: HIM: YAT: WISTE: * TO: WHOM: HE: MIGTE: TRISTE.</i>","artistMakerPerson":[{"name":{"text":"Unknown","id":"A1848"},"association":{"text":"","id":""},"note":""}],"artistMakerOrganisations":[],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"gold","id":"AAT11021"}],"techniques":[{"text":"engraving","id":"AAT53829"}],"materialsAndTechniques":"Gold, engraved","categories":[{"text":"Jewellery","id":"THES48930"},{"text":"Metalwork","id":"THES48920"},{"text":"Europeana Fashion Project","id":"THES265804"}],"styles":[],"collectionCode":{"text":"MET","id":"THES48599"},"images":["2008BT2044","2008BT2050","2008BT2049","2008BT2048","2008BT2047","2008BT2046","2008BT2045","2008BT2043","2008BT2042","2008BT2041","2008BT1988","2008BT1987"],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"10A (VA)","id":"THES49098"},"free":"","case":"4","shelf":"","box":""}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"Ring","id":""}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"England","id":"x28826"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"c. 1300","earliest":"1295-01-01","latest":"1304-12-31"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[],"creditLine":"Given by Dame Joan Evans","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Height","value":"2.4","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Width","value":"2.4","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Depth","value":"0.3","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Diameter","value":"2.1","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"Internal","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"Measured for the Medieval and Renaissance Galleries","marksAndInscriptions":[{"content":"inscribed <i>+ WEL: WERE: HIM: YAT: WISTE: * TO: WHOM: HE: MIGTE: TRISTE.</i>","inscriber":{"name":{"text":"","id":""},"association":{"text":"","id":""}},"date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"description":"","interpretation":"","language":"","medium":"","method":"","position":"","script":"","translation":"'well for him who knows whom he can trust'","transliteration":"","type":"","note":"Around the bifaceted hoop, in Lombardic capitals, in English."}],"objectHistory":"Found at Park Street, near St. Albans.","historicalContext":"","briefDescription":"Gold posy ring, the hoop inscribed in Lombardic capitals <i>+ WEL: WERE: HIM: YAT: WISTE: * TO: WHOM: HE: MIGTE: TRISTE.</i>, England, ca.1300","bibliographicReferences":[{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Bury, Shirley, <u>Rings</u>, HMSO, 1984, p. 25, pl. 27b"},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Ward, Anne, et al, <u>The Ring: From Antiquity to the Twentieth Century</u>, London, Thames and Hudson, 1981"},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Oman, Charles, <u>British Rings 800-1914</u>, London, B.T. Batsford Ltd, 1974"},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Campbell, Marian, <i>Medieval Jewellery in Europe 1100-1500</i>, London, V&A Publishing, 2008"},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Taylor, Gerald and Scarisbrick, Diana <u>Finger rings from ancient Egypt to the present day</u>, Oxford: Ashmolean Museum press, 1978, cat. 258"}],"production":"","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[],"associatedPerson":[{"text":"Evans, Joan Dame","id":"C4535"}],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[],"partNumbers":["M.184-1975"],"accessionNumberNum":"184","accessionNumberPrefix":"M","accessionYear":1975,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":["2019LP1803","2019LV1852","2019LW3768"],"recordModificationDate":"2025-04-08","recordCreationDate":"2006-03-07","availableToBook":false}}