{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O120695"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O120695/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2017JV0797/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2017JV0797/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"high","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2017JV0797","copyright":"©Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":{"_iiif_pres":"https://iiif.vam.ac.uk/collections/O120695/manifest.json","_alt_iiif_pres":[]}},"record":{"systemNumber":"O120695","accessionNumber":"02594&A/(IS)","objectType":"Ewer","titles":[],"summaryDescription":"This wine ewer is a rare example of Mughal jade inlaid with enamelled gold rather than precious stones, and probably dates from the 18th century. Jade as a raw material was found in the royal Mughal treasury towards the end of the reign of the emperor Akbar (r.1556-1605), but is thought to have been made into artefacts for the court only from the reign of his son, Jahangir (r.1605-1627). This coincides with the presence of the Iranian master craftsman, Sa'ida-ye Gilani as head of the court's goldsmiths' department. In addition to his skills as a goldsmith, Sa'ida was a renowned enameller, poet, calligrapher and specialist in hardstones. He remained head of the department throughout the reign of Jahangir and of his son Shah Jahah (r. 1628-58) a period which coincides with the production of the finest known Mughal jades. These were probably made in relatively small quantities for the emperor and his immediate circle, but in the late 17th century, and for most of the 18th century, production seems to have increased, probably reflecting easier access to the raw material of Chinese nephrite jade. \r\nThis ewer was bought by the Indian Museum in London in 1868 from the remarkable collection of Mughal hardstones formed by Colonel Charles Seton Guthrie, a Scot who had joined the Bengal Engineers in India in 1828. He left India at the end of his career in 1857, and it is not known whether he amassed his collection while living there, or through Indian agents after his retirement to England.","physicalDescription":"The dark green nephrite jade ewer has a compressed spherical body and domed lid, with a spout but no handle. It is inlaid with poppy and leaf motifs of gold enamelled in translucent red.","artistMakerPerson":[],"artistMakerOrganisations":[],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"jade","id":"x36436"},{"text":"gold","id":"AAT11021"},{"text":"enamel","id":"AAT14910"}],"techniques":[],"materialsAndTechniques":"Nephrite jade, gold enamelled","categories":[{"text":"Hardstone","id":"THES270137"},{"text":"Drinking","id":"THES48965"},{"text":"Containers","id":"THES48972"},{"text":"India Museum","id":"THES286062"}],"styles":[{"text":"Mughal","id":"AAT18939"}],"collectionCode":{"text":"SSEA","id":"THES48598"},"images":["2017JV0797"],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"002","id":"THES394877"},"free":"","case":"","shelf":"","box":""},{"current":{"text":"002","id":"THES394877"},"free":"","case":"","shelf":"","box":""}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"Cover","id":""}],[{"text":"Ewer","id":""}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""},{"apprise":"","note":""},{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"Mughal empire","id":"THES262021"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"18th century","earliest":"1700-01-01","latest":"1800-12-31"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[],"creditLine":"","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Diameter","value":"11.6","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Height","value":"10.4","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"","marksAndInscriptions":[],"objectHistory":"","historicalContext":"","briefDescription":"Ewer and cover, Mughal 18th century","bibliographicReferences":[{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Susan Stronge, \"Colonel Guthrie's Collection\", Oriental Art, Winter 1993/94, vol. xxxix, no. 4, p. 11 fig. 14.\r\n\r\nRoger Keverne (ed) Jade. London 1991, fig 19, p. 284\r\nRobert Skelton, \"Jades moghols\", L'Oeil, no. 96, December 1962, fig. 10"},{"reference":{"text":"The art of India and Pakistan, a commemorative catalogue of the exhibition held at the Royal Academy of Arts, London, 1947-8. Edited by Sir Leigh Ashton. London: Faber and Faber, [1950]","id":"AUTH343744"},"details":"p. 228, cat. no. 1165","free":""},{"reference":{"text":"The Indian Heritage. Court life and Arts under Mughal Rule London: The Victoria and Albert Museum, 1982 Number: ISBN 0 906969 26 3","id":"AUTH352798"},"details":"p. 120, no. 362,  and p. 158 Rosemary Crill","free":""}],"production":"","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[],"partNumbers":["02594A/(IS)","02594(IS)"],"accessionNumberNum":"02594","accessionNumberPrefix":"","accessionYear":null,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE","Cover","Ewer"],"assets":[],"recordModificationDate":"2026-09-21","recordCreationDate":"2006-01-27","availableToBook":false}}