{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O120677"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O120677/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2009CA2076/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2009CA2076/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"low","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2009CA2076","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":null},"record":{"systemNumber":"O120677","accessionNumber":"E.18-1991","objectType":"Poster","titles":[{"title":"OF - Civic Forum","type":"generic title"},{"title":"Pro-democracy Poster Collection","type":"named collection"}],"summaryDescription":"Civic Forum was the Czech opposition movement leading the dialogue with the governing communist power. It was founded at the Prague non-conformist theatre ‘Cinoherni klub’ on the evening of the 19th of  November 1989, two days after Ministry of Interior Affairs  special troops made a brutal strike against a non-violent student demonstration on National Street in Prague. The student demonstration began with a meeting in the Albertov district of Prague on the occasion of the 50th anniversary of the Nazi persecution of Czechoslovak students who had held mass protests during the burial of Jan Opletal (a Czech student from the medical faculty of the Charles University who was shot during demonstrations against theGerman occupation of Czechoslovakia on October 28, 1939). The Albertov student meeting continued with a ‘march for democracy’ to the centre of Prague.  On the way towards National Street the student demonstration was joined by other, mainly young, people demanding freedom and democracy. \r\nThe Civic Forum founders were dramatist and writer Václav Havel, Catholic priest Václav Malý, actor Petr Cepek, Charter 77 spokesman Alexander Vondra, scriptwriter Jirí Križan translator and writer Michael Žantovský (currently the Czech ambassador in London) who became the Civic Forum press officer. Civic Forum unified independent Czech democratic initiatives \r\n\r\nThis leaflet presents the Civic Forum ‘OF’ logo, designed spontaneously during first days of the student ‘velvet revolution’ by Pavel Štastný, a student of graphic design and painting at the Prague Academy of Applied Arts and Architecture – which was out on strike at the time.  \r\n\r\nHis logo won a one day design competition and was chosen from many student submissions by the Coodination Committee of Civic Forum at its ‘Špalícek’ Prague centre. Pavel Štastný says ‘It was time of immediate decisions - there was no time for any marketing strategies!’ The logo in the Czech national tricolour (red, blue and white) showing an ‘O’ embracing a smiling face was a symbol of political change and a positive future. \r\n\r\n\r\nDesigned, printed and published in former Czechoslovakia","physicalDescription":"Poster promoting Obcanske Forum and publicising its official logo, the initials OF with the O drawn as a smiley face for a happier future, in red and blue on a white background.  These three colours symbolise Czechoslovakia's national identity and the struggle against communism.","artistMakerPerson":[{"name":{"text":"Stastny, Pavel","id":"A17120"},"association":{"text":"designer","id":"x36960"},"note":""}],"artistMakerOrganisations":[{"name":{"text":"Civic Forum","id":"A24680"},"association":{"text":"issued by","id":"x36339"},"note":""}],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"Paper","id":"x30308"},{"text":"Printing inks","id":"x30571"}],"techniques":[{"text":"offset lithograph","id":"x39470"}],"materialsAndTechniques":"Offset lithograph in red and blue printed on paper","categories":[{"text":"Prints","id":"THES48903"},{"text":"Propaganda","id":"THES48902"},{"text":"Politics","id":"THES48908"}],"styles":[],"collectionCode":{"text":"PDP","id":"THES48595"},"images":["2009CA2076"],"imageResolution":"low","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"LVLC (VA)","id":"THES49171"},"free":"","case":"Y","shelf":"79","box":"E"}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"posters","id":""}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"Czech Republic","id":"x29585"},"association":{"text":"designed and printed","id":"x37573"},"note":""}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"1989","earliest":"1989-01-01","latest":"1989-12-31"},"association":{"text":"designed and printed","id":"x37573"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[],"creditLine":"Given by Zdenek Kavan","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Height","value":"47.0","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"maximum","note":""},{"dimension":"Width","value":"63.8","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"maximum","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"size of sheet","marksAndInscriptions":[{"content":"Obcanske Forum","inscriber":{"name":{"text":"","id":""},"association":{"text":"","id":""}},"date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"description":"","interpretation":"","language":"","medium":"","method":"","position":"","script":"","translation":"Civic forum","transliteration":"","type":"","note":"This logo, the official symbol of Civic Forum, was designed by Pavel Stastny, a student at Prague's Academy of Applied Arts.  It is unknown whether he designed the poster itself."}],"objectHistory":"","historicalContext":"","briefDescription":"Anonymous poster promoting Civic Forum, designed, printed and published in former Czechoslovakia, 1989.","bibliographicReferences":[],"production":"Pavel Stastny designed the Civic Forum logo, but it is not known whether he designed the poster itself.\r\n\r\nDesigned, printed and published in former Czechoslovakia\n\nReason For Production: Commission","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[{"text":"Prague","id":"x29087"}],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[{"text":"velvet revolution","id":"V456"}],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[{"text":"citizens' group","id":"x39468"},{"text":"pro-democracy movement","id":"x39469"}],"contentConcepts":[{"text":"politics","id":"AAT55537"},{"text":"revolution","id":"x36147"},{"text":"solidarity","id":"x38330"},{"text":"ideology","id":"AAT258340"},{"text":"democracy","id":"AAT55521"}],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[],"partNumbers":["E.18-1991"],"accessionNumberNum":"18","accessionNumberPrefix":"E","accessionYear":1991,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":[],"recordModificationDate":"2025-04-08","recordCreationDate":"2006-01-25","availableToBook":false}}