{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O119286"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O119286/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2009CA2897/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2009CA2897/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"high","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2009CA2897","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2009CA2900","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2009CA2899","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2009CA2898","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":{"_iiif_pres":"https://iiif.vam.ac.uk/collections/O119286/manifest.json","_alt_iiif_pres":[]}},"record":{"systemNumber":"O119286","accessionNumber":"667-1884","objectType":"Drug jar","titles":[],"summaryDescription":"This jar was used for storing drugs. It would have been part of a set of similar jars for different drugs, belonging to a pharmacy. The constriction just underneath the rim was used to close the pot off with a piece of parchment or paper and a string. A few more jars from the same set have survived, including one with a spout, for a liquid drug.\r\nPharmacies in the Renaissance period were usually run by a monastic orders as part of their hospitals, or by one of the leading local families. The badge of the order or the arms of the family can be found on many surviving drug jars. The flower on our jar would probably have had such a function.","physicalDescription":"Drugjar of tin-glazed earthenware, painted in colours, depicting a single flower in a wreath above a label with inscription: 'E LEBERO.BIÃCHO'. Above and beneath the letters, faint blue lines can be seen, which were used as a guide for the painter of the script. The rest of the body is covered with gothic foliage against a background of small spirals and dots. On the shoulder and around the base circular rings with a middle band of dashes.","artistMakerPerson":[],"artistMakerOrganisations":[],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[],"techniques":[],"materialsAndTechniques":"Tin-glazed earthenware, painted in colours","categories":[],"styles":[],"collectionCode":{"text":"CER","id":"THES48594"},"images":["2009CA2897","2009CA2900","2009CA2899","2009CA2898"],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"62","id":"THES49739"},"free":"","case":"CA9","shelf":"","box":""}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"Drug jar","id":""}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"Montelupo","id":"x35294"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":"possibly"},{"place":{"text":"Tuscany","id":"x29374"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"1490-1510","earliest":"1490-01-01","latest":"1510-12-31"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[],"creditLine":"Castellani Collection","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Height","value":"25.8","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Diameter","value":"14.5","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"Measured for the Medieval and Renaissance Galleries","marksAndInscriptions":[{"content":"'E LEBERO.BIÃCHO'","inscriber":{"name":{"text":"","id":""},"association":{"text":"","id":""}},"date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"description":"","interpretation":"","language":"","medium":"","method":"","position":"","script":"","translation":"'[not certain what first initial and second word mean] white'","transliteration":"","type":"","note":"The Italian inscription on the painted label refers to the original contents of the jar."}],"objectHistory":"Castellani collection; acquired with another drug jar from the set: 667a-1884 , transferred to Circulation 10th February 1909","historicalContext":"This jar was used for storing drugs. It would have been part of a set of similar jars for different drugs, belonging to a pharmacy. The constriction just underneath the rim was used to close the pot off with a piece of parchment or paper and a string. A few more jars from the same set have survived, including one with a spout, for a liquid drug.","briefDescription":"Drugjar, tin-glazed earthenware, painted in colours with flower in a wreath and inscription 'E LEBERO.BIÃCHO'","bibliographicReferences":[{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Cora, G., <u>Storia della maiolica di Firenze e del contado: Secoli xiv e xv</u>, Firenze 1973, 213a"},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Bojani, G.C., C. Ravanelli Guidotti, A. Fanfani, <u>La donazione Galeazzo Cora: ceramiche dal medioevo al XIX secolo</u>, Milano, 1985, p. 182, cat 451"},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Biscontini Ugolini, Grazia (Ed), <u>I Vasi da farmacia nella collezione Bayer: Pharmacy jars in the Bayer Collection</u>, Milan, 1997, cat. 9, pp. 60-61"},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Elisa Sani, Not in Rackham - 'Italian Renaissance maiolica in the Victoria and Albert Museum – Part 1', in: Keramos 210 (2010), pp. 1-30, cat. 3"}],"production":"Stated by Cora, 1973 to be from Florentine Zone (see Bibl.Ref.)","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[{"text":"Flower","id":"x37248"}],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[],"partNumbers":["667-1884"],"accessionNumberNum":"667","accessionNumberPrefix":"","accessionYear":1884,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":["2019LR0275","2019LT6977","2019LT8325"],"recordModificationDate":"2025-04-16","recordCreationDate":"2005-12-01","availableToBook":false}}