{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O117750"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O117750/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2015HR7944/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2015HR7944/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"high","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2015HR7944","copyright":"©Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2017JY2852","copyright":"©Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2018KP4183","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":{"_iiif_pres":"https://iiif.vam.ac.uk/collections/O117750/manifest.json","_alt_iiif_pres":[]}},"record":{"systemNumber":"O117750","accessionNumber":"E.3689-1923","objectType":"Stained glass design","titles":[{"title":"Malcho Papo","type":"assigned by artist"},{"title":"St. Peter wresting the key of heaven from the hands of an unworthy Pope","type":"popular title"}],"summaryDescription":"This stained glass design is of St. Peter pulling the Key of Heaven from the hands of an unworthy Pope.  It is after a print by the wood-engraver Tobias Stimmer (1539-1584) illustrating Johann Fischart's broadsheet known as Malcho Papo, published in 1577. It was a Protestant broadsheet of the type that contains images of Protestant Reformation propaganda critical of the practices of the Catholic Church at that period.  The glass painter, Hans Rudolf Lando (1584-1646) from Bern, Switzerland, signed this stained glass design which was in his collection and probably used as a model in his glass painting workshop.  His signature can be seen in the bottom right corner of the painted frame.","physicalDescription":"Design for stained glass. St. Peter wresting the key of heaven from the hands of a Pope, a devil holding a key and pastoral staff beside the Pope. ","artistMakerPerson":[{"name":{"text":"Tobias Stimmer","id":"AUTH326847"},"association":{"text":"designer","id":"x36960"},"note":"This copy made by an unknown hand in 1607"}],"artistMakerOrganisations":[],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"Ink","id":"AAT15012"},{"text":"wash","id":"AAT11051"},{"text":"Paper","id":"x30308"},{"text":"pen and wash","id":"x45732"}],"techniques":[{"text":"Drawing","id":"x32498"},{"text":"Painting","id":"x30598"},{"text":"wash technique","id":"AAT182748"},{"text":"drawing","id":"x32498"}],"materialsAndTechniques":"pen and wash","categories":[{"text":"Christianity","id":"THES48978"},{"text":"Designs","id":"THES48968"},{"text":"Stained Glass","id":"THES48891"},{"text":"Religion","id":"THES48900"},{"text":"Propaganda","id":"THES48902"},{"text":"Drawings","id":"THES48966"},{"text":"Heraldry","id":"THES257728"}],"styles":[],"collectionCode":{"text":"PDP","id":"THES48595"},"images":["2015HR7944","2017JY2852","2018KP4183"],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"LVLC (VA)","id":"THES49171"},"free":"","case":"MURRAY","shelf":"5","box":"A"}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"Design for stained glass","id":"THES277590"}],[{"text":"Designs","id":"AAT102051"}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"Schaffhausen","id":"x35313"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"1607","earliest":"1607-01-01","latest":"1607-12-31"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[],"creditLine":"Purchased under the Bequest of Captain H. B. Murray.","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Height","value":"24.6","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Width","value":"19.3","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"","marksAndInscriptions":[{"content":"'C / MALHO PAPO / 1607'","inscriber":{"name":{"text":"","id":""},"association":{"text":"","id":""}},"date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"description":"","interpretation":"","language":"","medium":"","method":"","position":"","script":"","translation":"Here dear Christ here dost Thou see clearly how Peter and his deputy, the Pope who calls himself the governor, are contending together. Give him a blow on his three decker hat!","transliteration":"","type":"","note":"In handwriting in pen and dark brown ink along the top of the painted frame within the design.  The inscription is in German."},{"content":"'RHLando / 1607'","inscriber":{"name":{"text":"","id":""},"association":{"text":"","id":""}},"date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"description":"","interpretation":"","language":"","medium":"","method":"","position":"","script":"","translation":"","transliteration":"","type":"","note":"In handwriting in pen and brown ink at bottom left of painted frame within design. This is the signature of Hans Rudolf Lando, stained glass painter, who collected designs for stained glass by a variety of artists.  He marked them with his signature as a collector's mark.  Numerous designs from his collection, with dates from 1605, are in the Wysz collection at the Historisches Museum in Berne."},{"content":"'Sh14'","inscriber":{"name":{"text":"","id":""},"association":{"text":"","id":""}},"date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"description":"","interpretation":"","language":"","medium":"","method":"","position":"","script":"","translation":"","transliteration":"","type":"","note":"In handwriting in pen and pale brown ink at the bottom right corner of a right-angled frame enclosing the right side of the design."},{"content":"'Dem Bapst und sinem mitgesellen\r\nDient der Schlüssel zu der Hellen\r\nSanndt petter und den Apostlen gemein\r\nDient der Schlüssel zum Himmelheim'","inscriber":{"name":{"text":"","id":""},"association":{"text":"","id":""}},"date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"description":"","interpretation":"","language":"","medium":"","method":"","position":"","script":"","translation":"The Pope and his assistant have the key to hell;\r\nSt. Peter and the Apostles have the key to Heaven.","transliteration":"","type":"","note":"In handwriting, in pen and dark brown ink along the bottom of the design.  The inscription is in German."}],"objectHistory":"Michael Kauffmann catalogued this design as 'a reversed copy of a woodcut by Tobias Stimmer which headed a Protestant broadsheet.  The text was probably by Johann Fishart who invented the title, a conflation of Malchus and Papa.  Malchus was the servant of the high priest who cut off St. Peter's ear before the Betrayal (John 18.10). Papa, the Pope is, therefore, assimilated to the servant of Christ's murderer. St. Peter is barefoot, and simply dressed; the Pope, abetted by the devil, is in full regalia.' Protestant pamphlets and broadsheets contain startling images of propaganda that remained current. This stained glass design was made thirty years after Tobias Stimmer's woodcut of the same subject.","historicalContext":"","briefDescription":"Unknown after Tobias Stimmer. St. Peter wresting the key of heaven from the hands of an unworthy Pope. Swiss, late 16th century","bibliographicReferences":[{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Thieme-Becker, <u> Allgemeines Lexikon der Bildenden Kunstler von der Antike bis zur Gegenwart</u>. Liepzig: Veb. E. A. Seeman Verlag, 1907, p.298."},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Lehmann, Hans. <u> Zur geschichte der glasmalerei in der Schweiz</u>. Leipzig: H. Haessel Verlag, 1925, p.88."},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Kauffmann, Michael. <u>Swiss Stained Glass Designs of the Reformation</u>. London: Victoria and Albert Museum, 1986, no.24."},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Lugt, Frits. <u> Les Marques de Collections de Dessins et d'Estampes.</u> Amsterdam: Vereenigde Drukkerijen, 1921, no.1658."},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Schneider, Jenny. 'Vorlagen fur das schweizerische Kunstgewerbe',  in <u> Zeitschrift fur schweizerische Archaeologie und Kunstgeschichte </u>. vol. 16, 1956, pl.68, fig.12."}],"production":"Michael Kauffmann catalogued this design as 'after Tobias Stimmer (1539-84)'.  He also catalogued it as 'ANON 1607',  and stated that it bears the 'collector's mark of H. R. Lando (1584-1646), a glass painter', (see References tab).\n\nAttribution note: This design was probably used as a model in Hans Rudolf Lando's glass painting workshop because it bears his collector's mark.","productionType":{"text":"Design","id":"THES48872"},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[{"text":"St. Peter","id":"N4287"}],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[{"text":"The Reformation","id":"V53"}],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[{"text":"key to Heaven","id":"x39379"}],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[],"partNumbers":["E.3689-1923"],"accessionNumberNum":"3689","accessionNumberPrefix":"E","accessionYear":1923,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":["2019LW8012"],"recordModificationDate":"2025-04-05","recordCreationDate":"2005-10-20","availableToBook":false}}