{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O1177076"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O1177076/"}},"images":null,"see_also":null},"record":{"systemNumber":"O1177076","accessionNumber":"ME.2-2010","objectType":"Mashrabiyya screen","titles":[],"summaryDescription":"This kind of turned wood screen was used to encase exterior windows in traditional architecture all across the Islamic world, though especially in Egypt and major cities such as Baghdad. It  allowed ventilation while at the same time preserving privacy. It is an ancient tradition but best  documented for the 19th century. \n\nThis mashrabiyyah screen was made using traditional materials and according to traditional methods and designs and is an important example of the continuity of craft  traditions in Cairo into the 20th century. Original mashrabiyyah screens in situ are now very rare,  since restorations of historic houses in the later 19th century, which meant that in many cases  the windows were ripped out and discarded. During modernisations of the 20th century, this architectural tradition has declined, though the workshops of Omar Farouk and Abu Zaid Hassan demonstrate that interest in this tradition and the craft skill has continued to an extent.\n\n\n\n\r\n\r\n","physicalDescription":"Screen, wooden with panels of turned wood and lattice work.","artistMakerPerson":[{"name":{"text":"El Farouk, Omar","id":"A37562"},"association":{"text":"designer","id":"x36960"},"note":""},{"name":{"text":"Hassan, Abua Zaid","id":"A37563"},"association":{"text":"maker","id":"x40240"},"note":""}],"artistMakerOrganisations":[],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"wood","id":"AAT11914"}],"techniques":[{"text":"turning","id":"AAT53158"}],"materialsAndTechniques":"Turned wood","categories":[{"text":"Furniture","id":"THES48948"},{"text":"Africa","id":"THES49019"}],"styles":[],"collectionCode":{"text":"MES","id":"THES48607"},"images":[],"imageResolution":"low","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"F","id":"THES396677"},"free":"","case":"","shelf":"","box":""}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"screens (furniture)","id":"AAT37737"}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"Cairo","id":"x28776"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"1986-1987","earliest":"1986-01-01","latest":"1987-12-31"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[],"creditLine":"","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Width","value":"222","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Length","value":"278","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"","marksAndInscriptions":[],"objectHistory":"This mashrabiyya was commissioned by the V&A in ca. 1987 to form a partition between the old V&A shop (now Gallery 48) and Gallery 47C (the corridor outside the main Islamic Gallery). It was removed and placed in store in 2005 when the Islamic gallery was refurbished; in 2010 the Middle East Section decided to accession it for the Collection.","historicalContext":"","briefDescription":"Mashrabiyya screen, wood, designed by Omar El Farouk, Cairo, 1987.","bibliographicReferences":[{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Islamic architecture and the discipline of design : the work of Omar El Farouk. <u>Arts and The Islamic World</u>. 2 summer 1984,  London, pages 43-45."}],"production":"","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[{"text":"Mashrabiyya Screen\r\nConstructed from turned wooden elements\r\nDesigned by Omar El Farouk\r\nEGYPTIAN; made in the workshop of Abu Zaid Hassan, Cairo, in 1987\r\n\r\nMashrabiyya work is the traditional Egyptian type of window. It allows air to circulate while reducing and modifying the amount of sunlight - and hence heat - which enters. It provides privacy for the occupants of the room, while allowing them to see outside.","date":{"text":"1987","earliest":"1987-01-01","latest":"1987-12-31"}}],"partNumbers":["ME.2-2010"],"accessionNumberNum":"2","accessionNumberPrefix":"ME","accessionYear":2010,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":[],"recordModificationDate":"2025-04-12","recordCreationDate":"2011-01-17","availableToBook":true}}