{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O1155541"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O1155541/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2010EJ2838/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2010EJ2838/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"high","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2010EJ2838","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":{"_iiif_pres":"https://iiif.vam.ac.uk/collections/O1155541/manifest.json","_alt_iiif_pres":[]}},"record":{"systemNumber":"O1155541","accessionNumber":"DYCE.1921","objectType":"Print","titles":[{"title":"Portrait of Pietro Aretino","type":""}],"summaryDescription":"","physicalDescription":"Portrait of Pietro Aretino; After Titian; Copied from Marcantonio Raimondi's print, Print on paper; Inscribed '<i>Questo è PIETRO ARETINO Poeta Tosco.</i>'.","artistMakerPerson":[{"name":{"text":"Hollar, Wenceslaus","id":"A8518"},"association":{"text":"printmaker","id":"AAT25164"},"note":""},{"name":{"text":"Titian","id":"A9642"},"association":{"text":"artist","id":"AAT25103"},"note":"after"},{"name":{"text":"Marcantonio Raimondi","id":"N12861"},"association":{"text":"engraver","id":"x30813"},"note":"copied from"}],"artistMakerOrganisations":[],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"paper","id":"x30308"},{"text":"printing ink","id":"AAT187371"}],"techniques":[{"text":"printing","id":"AAT53319"}],"materialsAndTechniques":"print on paper","categories":[{"text":"Prints","id":"THES48903"},{"text":"Portraits","id":"THES48906"},{"text":"Gender and Sexuality","id":"THES48940"}],"styles":[{"text":"German","id":"AAT111192"}],"collectionCode":{"text":"PDP","id":"THES48595"},"images":["2010EJ2838"],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"LVLH (VA)","id":"THES49654"},"free":"","case":"DG","shelf":"71","box":""}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"prints","id":"AAT41273"}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"Germany","id":"x28873"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":"possibly"},{"place":{"text":"England","id":"x28826"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":"possibly"}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"mid 17th century","earliest":"1620-01-01","latest":"1677-12-31"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[],"creditLine":"Bequeathed by Rev. Alexander Dyce","dimensions":[],"dimensionsNote":"","marksAndInscriptions":[{"content":"'<i>Questo è PIETRO ARETINO Poeta Tosco.</i>'","inscriber":{"name":{"text":"","id":""},"association":{"text":"","id":""}},"date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"description":"","interpretation":"","language":"","medium":"","method":"","position":"","script":"","translation":"","transliteration":"","type":"","note":"Inscribed."}],"objectHistory":"While the term 'sodomite' has been used in this record, it has since fallen from usage and is now considered offensive. The term is repeated in this record in its original historical context.","historicalContext":"","briefDescription":"Portrait of Pietro Aretino; After Titian; Copied from Marcantonio Raimondi's print, Print on paper; By Wenceslaus Hollar; Germany or England; Mid 17th century.","bibliographicReferences":[{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"<u>DYCE COLLECTION. A Catalogue of the Paintings, Miniatures, Drawings, Engravings, Rings and Miscellaneous Objects Bequeathed by The Reverend Alexander Dyce</u>. London : South Kensington Museum : Printed by G.E. Eyre and W. Spottiswoode for H.M.S.O., 1874."},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"ARETINO, PIETRO (1492-1556) Italian playwright, poet, satirist and blackmailer. Known as the \"scourge of princes\" Aretino occupies a place in Renaissance history both for his erotic literature (considered some of the most outrageous of the age) and for his extraordinary ability, as the son of a shoe-maker, to have entered the wealthy world of artistic and literary patronage where he wielded considerable influence. He declared himself \"a sodomite since birth\" in a letter of 1524 to Giovanni de Medici in which he also enclosed a satirical poem saying that due to a sudden aberration he had \"fallen in love with a female cook and temporarily switched from boys to girls\".  \r\nHomosexuality is most prominent is his comedy play <i>Il marescalco</i> (1533). The protagonist is the Duke of Mantua's farrier who has no interest in women. The Duke decides to tease him by forcing him into an arranged marriage which causes the farrier a great deal of grief. At the nuptials, however, he learns that his bride is in fact a male page dressed in women's clothing and he cannot mask his delight at the discovery.\r\nAretino became a blackmailer whilst in Venice, extorting money from men who had sought his guidance on issues relating to various 'vices' available in the city. According to Burckhardt, Jacob (1878) in <i>The Civilization Of The Renaissance in Italy</i>, Aretino \"kept all that was famous in Italy in a kind of state of siege\".\r\n"}],"production":"","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[{"text":"Aretino, Pietro","id":"N7352"}],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[{"text":"man","id":"x35641"},{"text":"portrait","id":"AAT15637"},{"text":"homosexual","id":"THES266894"}],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[],"partNumbers":["DYCE.1921"],"accessionNumberNum":"1921","accessionNumberPrefix":"DYCE","accessionYear":null,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":[],"recordModificationDate":"2025-04-16","recordCreationDate":"2010-02-26","availableToBook":false}}