{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O11498"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O11498/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2006AM5297/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2006AM5297/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"high","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2006AM5297","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":{"_iiif_pres":"https://iiif.vam.ac.uk/collections/O11498/manifest.json","_alt_iiif_pres":[]}},"record":{"systemNumber":"O11498","accessionNumber":"281-1864","objectType":"Bottle","titles":[],"summaryDescription":"<b>Object Type</b><br>Under their art director, L‚on Arnoux, Minton's were interested in design and ceramic technology of many periods and from many cultures.  On occasions they attempted to reproduce actual Chinese techniques, as with this two-handled bottle, which is in a form known as a Chinese 'moon flask' and, unusually, is made from hard-paste procelain (unlike Minton's usual bone china).This is a purely decorative object and demonstrates both the manufacturer's awareness of ceramic history and the potential owner's rarefied taste.<br><br><b>People</b><br>L‚on Arnoux (1816-1902) was art director at Minton from about 1849 until his death. After leaving Paris in 1848 as political unrest escalated, he travelled around the Staffordshire potteries and was employed by Herbert Minton, of Stoke-on-Trent. Through Minton he became a friend of Henry Cole (1808-1882), first Director of the South Kensington Museum (the V&A).  Arnoux was a designer and chemist and was deeply interested in all branches of the ceramic arts and their history.  His contribution to Minton's success at international exhibitions and in their art production especially cannot be overestimated.  He was responsible for improvements to the ceramic body, the ovens, the colours and glazes, and he introduced majolica, Henry II wares and other Minton specialities.<br><br><b>Historical Association</b><br>Six examples of Minton's crackled glaze, replicating Chinese originals, were shown in the International Exhibition, London, in 1862.  Although purchased from Minton some two years later, it is possible that this example was among that group.","physicalDescription":"","artistMakerPerson":[{"name":{"text":"Arnoux, Léon","id":"A8100"},"association":{"text":"designer","id":"AAT25190"},"note":""}],"artistMakerOrganisations":[{"name":{"text":"Minton","id":"A9175"},"association":{"text":"maker","id":"AAT251917"},"note":""}],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[],"techniques":[],"materialsAndTechniques":"Porcelain, with a crackle glaze","categories":[{"text":"British Galleries","id":"THES48985"},{"text":"Ceramics","id":"THES48982"}],"styles":[],"collectionCode":{"text":"CER","id":"THES48594"},"images":["2006AM5297"],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"125C (VA)","id":"THES49896"},"free":"","case":"CA1","shelf":"","box":"54"}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"Bottle","id":""}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"Stoke-on-Trent","id":"x29185"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"ca. 1862","earliest":"1857-01-01","latest":"1866-12-31"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[],"creditLine":"","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Height","value":"19.7","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Width","value":"15.7","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Depth","value":"6.8","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"Dimensions checked: Measured; 07/07/1999 by Terry","marksAndInscriptions":[{"content":"Incised in the footrim 'L.Arnoux Minton & Co' and with the Minton ornament design number 1348","inscriber":{"name":{"text":"","id":"A8877"},"association":{"text":"","id":""}},"date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"description":"","interpretation":"","language":"","medium":"","method":"","position":"","script":"","translation":"","transliteration":"","type":"","note":""}],"objectHistory":"Designed by Léon Arnoux (born in Toulouse, France, 1816, died, probably in Staffordshire, 1902), made by Minton & Co., Stoke-on-Trent, Staffordshire","historicalContext":"","briefDescription":"Moon Flask, porcelain with a crackle glaze, designed by Leon Arnoux, made by Minton & Co., Stoke-on-Trent, about 1862","bibliographicReferences":[],"production":"","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[{"text":"British Galleries:\nFrom about 1860 ceramic manufacturers in France, Germany and England became increasingly interested in attempting to reproduce Chinese glazes. L‚on Arnoux, art director at the Minton ceramic factory from 1849, developed the crackle glaze on this moon flask shape. Arnoux showed a remarkably early appreciation of this type of Chinese glaze.","date":{"text":"27/03/2003","earliest":"2003-03-27","latest":"2003-03-27"}}],"partNumbers":["281-1864"],"accessionNumberNum":"281","accessionNumberPrefix":"","accessionYear":1864,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":["2019LR2390","2019LR0501","2019LU4039"],"recordModificationDate":"2025-04-08","recordCreationDate":"1999-07-01","availableToBook":false}}