{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O114877"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O114877/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2010EL4271/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2010EL4271/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"high","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2010EL4271","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":{"_iiif_pres":"https://iiif.vam.ac.uk/collections/O114877/manifest.json","_alt_iiif_pres":[]}},"record":{"systemNumber":"O114877","accessionNumber":"E.732-1949","objectType":"Drawing","titles":[{"title":"Citrus sp.","type":"assigned by artist"}],"summaryDescription":"These drawings are related to preparatory drawings for illustrations in J.B. Ferrari's book, 'Hesperides', first published in Rome in 1646. This was a publication describing the varieties of citrus fruit then in cultivation, with engraved illustrations of the fruit as well as views of gardens and of equipment for cultivating the trees. However, these drawings are not reproduced in Ferrari's book. They once formed part of the collection assembled by the great 17th-century antiquary and natural scientist Cassiano dal Pozzo. This collection of drawings is known as the 'Museo Cartaceo' or 'Paper Museum'. The majority of the collection passed in the British Royal Collections, where it remains, but in the 18th century several volumes of the drawings were sold and dispersed through the London art market. The V&A purchased several of these three drawings in 1949, including other drawings of citrus fruits and two botanical drawings, all originally from Cassiano's collection. [See E.731, 732, 734, and 735-1949.]","physicalDescription":"Five watercolour drawings (inlaid on one sheet) showing citrus fruits, probably all oranges, some whole, some cut.","artistMakerPerson":[{"name":{"text":"Leonardi, Vincenzo","id":"A15143"},"association":{"text":"artist","id":"AAT25103"},"note":"possibly"}],"artistMakerOrganisations":[],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"watercolour (paint)","id":"AAT15045"},{"text":"gouache","id":"AAT70114"},{"text":"black chalk","id":"AAT80058"},{"text":"wash","id":"AAT11051"},{"text":"paper (fiber product)","id":"AAT14109"}],"techniques":[{"text":"drawing (image-making)","id":"AAT54196"},{"text":"watercolour painting (technique)","id":"THES250889"}],"materialsAndTechniques":"Watercolour and bodycolour over black chalk, with gum heightening , on paper mounted on larger sheet framed by wash lines","categories":[{"text":"Illustration","id":"THES48938"},{"text":"Drawings","id":"THES48966"},{"text":"Gardens & Gardening","id":"THES49002"},{"text":"Botanical art","id":"THES277744"}],"styles":[{"text":"Italian","id":"AAT111198"}],"collectionCode":{"text":"PDP","id":"THES48595"},"images":["2010EL4271"],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"LVLE","id":"THES49657"},"free":"","case":"DP","shelf":"15","box":""}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"watercolour","id":""}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"Italy","id":"x28927"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":"probably"}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"17th century","earliest":"1600-01-01","latest":"1700-12-31"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[],"creditLine":"","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Height","value":"40.7","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"support sheet","note":""},{"dimension":"Width","value":"35.3","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"support sheet","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"","marksAndInscriptions":[],"objectHistory":"This drawing was mounted in the 18th century. It comes from the collection of Cassiano dal Pozzo. It is related to other drawings by Leonardi in dal Pozzo's collection which were engraved as illustrations to J.B. Ferrari's 'Hesperides', published in Rome in 1646; these was not published.\r\n\r\nProvenance: dal Pozzo; Albani; George III, by descent to George V; London art market (Mendelson); Mrs Helen de Beer","historicalContext":"","briefDescription":"Vincenzo Leonardi, studies of citrus fruits (oranges), early to mid 17th century, from the 'Paper Museum' of Cassiano dal Pozzo","bibliographicReferences":[{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"The Paper Museum of Cassiano dal Pozzo: A Catalogue Raisonné. Series B - Natural History. Part One: Citrus Fruit by David Freedburg and Enrico Baldini (Harvey Miller Publishers, 1997), cat.108-112"},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"<u>Victoria and Albert Museum, Department of Prints and Drawings and Department of Paintings, Accessions 1949</u>, London: HMSO, 1961."}],"production":"","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[{"text":"lemons","id":"x39005"}],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[],"partNumbers":["E.732-1949"],"accessionNumberNum":"732","accessionNumberPrefix":"E","accessionYear":1949,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":[],"recordModificationDate":"2025-04-16","recordCreationDate":"2005-08-03","availableToBook":false}}