{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O112704"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O112704/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2006BF2053/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2006BF2053/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"high","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2006BF2053","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2006BA0121","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2017JX4275","copyright":"©Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":{"_iiif_pres":"https://iiif.vam.ac.uk/collections/O112704/manifest.json","_alt_iiif_pres":[]}},"record":{"systemNumber":"O112704","accessionNumber":"656-1884","objectType":"Plate","titles":[],"summaryDescription":"Decoration of this sort, known as <i>grotteschi</i>, became fashionable in Renaissance Italy following the discovery in Rome, in about 1480, of the so-called Golden Palace of the Emperor Nero. The excavated chambers contained perfectly preserved wall and ceiling paintings, comprising fantastical creatures, ribbons and festoons. These ornaments provided artists of all kinds with a rich source of inspiration. The almost infinite possibilities of design gave them the means to fulfil the desires of the Renaissance market for beauty, abundance, caprice and wit.\r\nThe colours and composition of the grotesque on this roundel (of unknown use) are very similar to Bernardino's Pinturicchio's decorations in the Piccolomini Library at Siena Cathedral, painted in 1503-8.","physicalDescription":"Flat plate painted in blue, yellow, red, orange and copper green on a black ground, with a symmetrical grotesque composition inclufing two coats of arms. On the reverse concentric circles in blue, green, yellow and ochre-brown. The body of the plate was probably first covered with a light slip before being tin-glazed.","artistMakerPerson":[{"name":{"text":"Unknown","id":"A1848"},"association":{"text":"","id":""},"note":""}],"artistMakerOrganisations":[],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"earthenware","id":"x29356"},{"text":"tin glaze","id":"AAT233436"}],"techniques":[],"materialsAndTechniques":"Tin-glazed earthenware (mailoica)","categories":[{"text":"Earthenware","id":"THES48964"},{"text":"Eating","id":"THES48963"}],"styles":[],"collectionCode":{"text":"CER","id":"THES48594"},"images":["2006BF2053","2006BA0121","2017JX4275"],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"137","id":"THES49876"},"free":"","case":"37","shelf":"6","box":""}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"Plateau","id":""}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"Siena (town)","id":"x30333"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"ca. 1510","earliest":"1505-01-01","latest":"1514-12-31"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[],"creditLine":"","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Diameter","value":"24.5","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"","marksAndInscriptions":[],"objectHistory":"Castellani Collection\n\nHistorical significance: The colours and composition of the grotesque on this roundel (of unknown use) are very similar to Bernardino's Pinturicchio's decorations in the Piccolomini Library at Siena Cathedral, painted in 1503-8","historicalContext":"This flat plate is of a type known as a 'trencher', used at the table for an individual diner very much as we use an individual plate today. During the middle-ages people ate from communal dishes and individual plates made out of wood were introduced around 1400. These were gradually replaced by similar shapes is made in earthenware or pewter.","briefDescription":"Flat plate, tin-glazed earthenware painted in colours, with grotesque decoration and unknown arms","bibliographicReferences":[{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Rackham B., <u>Italian Maiolica</u>,  London, Faber &Faber, 1952"}],"production":"","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[{"text":"grotesques","id":"AAT10211"}],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[],"partNumbers":["656-1884"],"accessionNumberNum":"656","accessionNumberPrefix":"","accessionYear":1884,"otherNumbers":[{"type":{"text":"Rackham (1977)","id":"THES56972"},"number":"383"}],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":["2006BA0121","2019LM5671","2019LR2860","2019LU4569","2019LV3282"],"recordModificationDate":"2025-05-21","recordCreationDate":"2005-06-07","availableToBook":false}}