{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O110460"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O110460/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2006AA8668/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2006AA8668/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"high","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2006AA8668","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2006BF3748","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":{"_iiif_pres":"https://iiif.vam.ac.uk/collections/O110460/manifest.json","_alt_iiif_pres":[]}},"record":{"systemNumber":"O110460","accessionNumber":"M.91-1984","objectType":"Pyx","titles":[],"summaryDescription":"A pyx (from the Greek for ‘box’) was used in Roman Catholic worship to contain the Sacred Host, the consecrated bread or wafer used in the Mass. Although silver was the preferred metal, other materials were also used, a practice noted by the English king Henry VII to his ‘inward regret and displeasure’.","physicalDescription":"Engraved with simple conventional ornament and a black letter inscription \"Magnificat a s\", probably intended for the opening words of the Magnificat (Luke 1:46- 55) which was from an early date the canticle of Vespers of the Western Church. The crucifix finial is missing.","artistMakerPerson":[{"name":{"text":"Unknown","id":"A1848"},"association":{"text":"","id":""},"note":""}],"artistMakerOrganisations":[],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"copper","id":"AAT11020"}],"techniques":[],"materialsAndTechniques":"Copper","categories":[{"text":"Metalwork","id":"THES48920"},{"text":"Christianity","id":"THES48978"},{"text":"Religion","id":"THES48900"}],"styles":[],"collectionCode":{"text":"MET","id":"THES48599"},"images":["2006AA8668","2006BF3748"],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"84","id":"THES49710"},"free":"","case":"CA2","shelf":"","box":""}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"Standing Pyx","id":""}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"England","id":"x28826"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"15th century","earliest":"1400-01-01","latest":"1500-12-31"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[],"creditLine":"","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Height","value":"198","unit":"mm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Diameter","value":"109","unit":"mm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"of base","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"","marksAndInscriptions":[{"content":"\"Magnificat a s\"","inscriber":{"name":{"text":"","id":""},"association":{"text":"","id":""}},"date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"description":"","interpretation":"","language":"","medium":"","method":"","position":"","script":"","translation":"","transliteration":"","type":"","note":"probably intended for the opening words of the Magnificat (Luke 1:46- 55) which was from an early date the canticle of Vespers of the Western Church."}],"objectHistory":"","historicalContext":"Medieval Worship \r\n\r\nUntil the 16th century Roman Catholicism was the universal faith of the Western world and Latin was its universal language. The needs of church ritual inspired the production of a range of richly decorated vessels and vestments, crosses and images in the form of altarpieces. Many were made of gold or silver, adorned with enamels or gems, precious materials seen as symbolic of the reverence due to the worship of God. Less wealthy churches used cheaper vessels in copper, brass or pewter.  \r\n\r\nThe celebration of Mass was and remains the most important service of the Roman Catholic liturgy. For this the minimum requirements are an altar, a chalice and missal, the book of texts necessary for the Mass. Holy Communion or Eucharist is that part of the Mass in which the people participate in the sacrifice of Christ, by partaking of his body and blood in the consecrated bread and wine, held in the chalice and paten.","briefDescription":"Standing pyx, copper, England, ca.1400-1500","bibliographicReferences":[],"production":"","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[{"text":"Pyx \r\n\r\nA pyx (from the Greek for ‘box’) was used in Roman Catholic worship to contain the Sacred Host, the consecrated bread or wafer used in the Mass. Although silver was the preferred metal, other materials were also used, a practice noted by the English king Henry VII to his ‘inward regret and displeasure’.\r\n\r\nEngland, 1400–1500\r\nCopper\r\nMuseum no. M.91-1984","date":{"text":"27/10/2005","earliest":"2005-10-27","latest":"2005-10-27"}}],"partNumbers":["M.91-1984"],"accessionNumberNum":"91","accessionNumberPrefix":"M","accessionYear":1984,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":["2017JX3374","2023NL7407"],"recordModificationDate":"2025-08-14","recordCreationDate":"2005-03-18","availableToBook":false}}