{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O109627"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O109627/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2006BB3123/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2006BB3123/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"high","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2006BB3123","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":{"_iiif_pres":"https://iiif.vam.ac.uk/collections/O109627/manifest.json","_alt_iiif_pres":[]}},"record":{"systemNumber":"O109627","accessionNumber":"M.2-2005","objectType":"Case","titles":[],"summaryDescription":"An original tooled leather case for a London-made silver monstrance used for Catholic worship in a private chapel and made in 1767.","physicalDescription":"A leather case with marbled paper edges and replacement felt lining, made to house a silver monstrance on baluster stem, with a brass clasp and hooks to keep the case closed","artistMakerPerson":[{"name":{"text":"Unknown","id":"A1848"},"association":{"text":"","id":""},"note":""}],"artistMakerOrganisations":[],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"leather","id":"AAT11845"},{"text":"paper","id":"x30308"},{"text":"felt","id":"AAT14107"},{"text":"brass","id":"AAT10946"}],"techniques":[{"text":"marbling","id":"AAT53812"}],"materialsAndTechniques":"Leather, paper, brass","categories":[{"text":"Religion","id":"THES48900"},{"text":"Christianity","id":"THES48978"},{"text":"Metalwork","id":"THES48920"}],"styles":[],"collectionCode":{"text":"MET","id":"THES48599"},"images":["2006BB3123"],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"83","id":"THES49711"},"free":"","case":"CA4A","shelf":"","box":""}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"Case","id":""}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"London","id":"x28980"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"1767-1768","earliest":"1767-05-29","latest":"1768-05-28"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[{"object":{"text":"M.1-2005","id":"O109618"},"association":""}],"creditLine":"Purchased through the Hugh Phillips Bequest","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Height","value":"41","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Width","value":"20","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Diameter","value":"16.2","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"of base","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"","marksAndInscriptions":[],"objectHistory":"A rare survival, made to house a silver monstrance, dated 1767, which was used for Catholic worship in England.  The case was made to protect the monstrance so that it could easily be transported, stored or hidden when not in use. The monstrance may be a unique example of an English-made monstrance dating from before Catholic emancipation in 1829.\n\nHistorical significance: The few 18th century monstrances that survive in private English Catholic chapels were usually made on the continent. This is a rare example of a monstrance made in London for Catholic worship in England. In the 18th century this was centred on aristocratic families whose private chapels were attended by members of their household and members of the local community. Chapels attached to the leading London embassies welcomed Catholic Londoners.","historicalContext":"Secret Catholicism\r\nAfter the Reformation, the Roman Catholic faith was severely restricted. Catholics who refused to attend Church of England services were known as recusants and until the late 17th century they had to worship in secret. However, the Dukes of Norfolk and aristocratic families such as the Arundells at Wardour Castle encouraged Catholic communities to use their private chapels and so kept the faith alive.\r\n\r\nThe Catholic plate that survives from before the 1660s is mainly limited to chalices, paxes and pyxes. These earlier pieces are rarely marked. After 1688, Catholic plate was more often hallmarked and the range of forms expanded to include sanctuary lamps, cruets and incense boats. \r\n\r\nIn London, Catholics could worship openly in foreign embassy chapels. The silver from the Sardinian Embassy chapel can be seen in the case to the right. During the reign of Charles II, Catholic courtiers could also attend the queen’s private chapel and that of the Queen Mother, Henrietta Maria.","briefDescription":"A tooled leather monstrance casecase made for a silver monstrance made in London in 1767","bibliographicReferences":[],"production":"","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[{"text":"Monstrance\r\n \r\nA monstrance was used in Roman Catholic worship. It displayed the wafer or Sacred Host during the service of Benediction, in which the host was consecrated before Holy Communion.\r\n\r\nThis example was made for worship in a private Catholic chapel in England. Catholic worship at this period was centred on aristocratic families whose chapels were attended by members of their household and fellow Catholics in the neighbourhood. The 1760s was a testing time for Catholics. In this monstrance, the upper section unscrews from the baluster support so that it can be concealed if necessary. The upper section is not marked, and the maker’s mark only appears on the baluster support.\r\n\r\nThe few 18th-century monstrances that survive in private Catholic chapels in England were usually made on the Continent. This is a rare example of one made in London. The original tooled leather case is also a rare survival.\r\n\r\nLondon, England, 1767–8; maker’s mark ‘IW’\r\nSilver, with contemporary leather case\r\nMuseum nos. M.1, 2-2005. Purchased with funds\r\nfrom the Hugh Phillips Bequest","date":{"text":"2005","earliest":"2005-01-01","latest":"2005-12-31"}}],"partNumbers":["M.2-2005"],"accessionNumberNum":"2","accessionNumberPrefix":"M","accessionYear":2005,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":[],"recordModificationDate":"2025-08-14","recordCreationDate":"2005-02-24","availableToBook":false}}