{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O1085818"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O1085818/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2017JW9438/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2017JW9438/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"high","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2017JW9438","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":{"_iiif_pres":"https://iiif.vam.ac.uk/collections/O1085818/manifest.json","_alt_iiif_pres":[]}},"record":{"systemNumber":"O1085818","accessionNumber":"50-1972","objectType":"Photograph","titles":[{"title":"Cartes de Visite of Ernst Schulz","type":"generic title"}],"summaryDescription":"Schulz was a German entertainer who impressed London audiences in 1867 with his show Masks and Faces; or Studies of Character and Physiognomy. During the act, he performed numerous emotions and characters in rapid succession. He also enacted racial and national stereotypes, which would have seemed much less offensive at that time. These small, collectible cards show the range of his repertoire.","physicalDescription":"Albumen Print depicting four portraits of men - each is distinctive from the next and sits within an oval boundary","artistMakerPerson":[],"artistMakerOrganisations":[{"name":{"text":"London Stereoscopic Company","id":"A16662"},"association":{"text":"makers","id":"AAT251917"},"note":""}],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"photographic paper","id":"AAT14190"}],"techniques":[{"text":"albumen","id":"AAT133274"}],"materialsAndTechniques":"albumen print","categories":[{"text":"Photographs","id":"THES48910"}],"styles":[],"collectionCode":{"text":"PDP","id":"THES48595"},"images":["2017JW9438"],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"LVLF","id":"THES49656"},"free":"","case":"DR","shelf":"4","box":""}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"photograph","id":"AAT46300"}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"c.1867","earliest":"1862-01-01","latest":"1871-12-31"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[],"creditLine":"","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Height","value":"57","unit":"mm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Width","value":"42","unit":"mm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"","marksAndInscriptions":[],"objectHistory":"","historicalContext":"","briefDescription":"Photographs by London Stereoscopic Company, 'Cartes de Visite of Ernst Shulz', 1867, albumen print","bibliographicReferences":[],"production":"","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[{"text":"cartes de visite","id":"AAT127141"}],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[{"text":"Making It Up: Photographic Fictions (2018)\r\nMarta Weiss\r\n\r\nSchulz was a German entertainer who impressed London audiences in 1867 with his show Masks and Faces; or Studies of Character and Physiognomy, in which he performed in rapid succession numerous emotions, characters, and racial and national stereotypes of the day. These small, collectible cards show the range of his repertoire. Charles Darwin, who included photographs in his book The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals (1872), owned a set of portraits of Schulz.\r\n","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null}},{"text":"<b>Photography Centre 2018-20:</b>\n\nLondon Stereoscopic Company\r\nCartes de visite of Ernst Schulz\r\nAbout 1867\r\n\r\nSchulz was a German entertainer who impressed London audiences in 1867 with his show Masks and Faces; or Studies of Character and Physiognomy. During the act, he performed numerous emotions and characters in rapid succession. He also enacted racial and national stereotypes, which would have seemed much less offensive at that time. These small, collectible cards show the range of his repertoire.\r\n\r\nAlbumen prints\r\nMuseum nos. 50 to 55-1972\r\n","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null}}],"partNumbers":["50-1972"],"accessionNumberNum":"50","accessionNumberPrefix":"","accessionYear":1972,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":[],"recordModificationDate":"2025-08-21","recordCreationDate":"2009-06-30","availableToBook":false}}