{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O108011"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O108011/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2006AC7517/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2006AC7517/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"high","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2006AC7517","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":{"_iiif_pres":"https://iiif.vam.ac.uk/collections/O108011/manifest.json","_alt_iiif_pres":[]}},"record":{"systemNumber":"O108011","accessionNumber":"53223","objectType":"Photograph","titles":[{"title":"Ruins of the two Southern Arches, Delhi","type":"assigned by artist"}],"summaryDescription":"This photograph shows the ruins of part of a screen for the Quwwat-ul-Islam mosque. The original mosque and screen were built between 1193 and 1199. The screen was extended both northward and southward by Shamshad Iltutmish in 1230 in order to double the size of the mosque. \r\n\r\nHere we see the southward extension. The façade is decorated with calligraphy and arabesque designs which differ from the earlier floral decoration of the original screen. The motifs reflect the fact that the Hindu craftsmen who built it had become more used to Islamic decorative forms. The two men in the centre of the ruined arch give a sense of its scale. \r\n\r\nThe English photographer Samuel Bourne took this photograph on his journey through India during the 1860s. In the published account of his journey, he describes his first encounter with Delhi on 25 June 1863. He wrote: ‘Of course Delhi can’t fail to be interesting to the photographer:…noted places must be taken, while its mosques and similar buildings will be photographed for their own merits.’","physicalDescription":"This photograph shows the ruins of part of a screen for the Quwwat-ul-Islam mosque. The original mosque and screen were built between 1193 to 1199. The screen for the original mosque was extended  both northward and southward by Shamshad Iltutmish in 1230 in order to double the size of the mosque. This photograph shows the southward extension. The façade is decorated with calligraphy and arabesque designs which differ from the decoration of the original screen. Made many years later the Hindu craftsmen who built it had become more used to Islamic decorative forms and the earlier floral decoration gave way to arabesque. In the photograph, two men stand in the centre of the ruined arch to give a sense of scale.","artistMakerPerson":[{"name":{"text":"Bourne, Samuel","id":"A8171"},"association":{"text":"photographer","id":"AAT25687"},"note":""}],"artistMakerOrganisations":[],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[],"techniques":[{"text":"Wet collodion process","id":"AAT133299"}],"materialsAndTechniques":"Albumen print from wet collodion glass negative","categories":[{"text":"Photographs","id":"THES48910"},{"text":"Architecture","id":"THES48993"},{"text":"Islam","id":"THES48932"}],"styles":[],"collectionCode":{"text":"SSEA","id":"THES48598"},"images":["2006AC7517"],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"003","id":"THES403839"},"free":"","case":"","shelf":"","box":""}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"photograph","id":"AAT46300"}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"Delhi","id":"x29851"},"association":{"text":"photographed","id":"x30151"},"note":""}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"1860s","earliest":"1860-01-01","latest":"1869-12-31"},"association":{"text":"photographed","id":"x30151"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[],"creditLine":"","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Width","value":"28.9","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"photograph","note":""},{"dimension":"Height","value":"23.5","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"photograph","note":""},{"dimension":"Width","value":"32.9","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"mount","note":""},{"dimension":"Height","value":"26.5","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"mount","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"","marksAndInscriptions":[{"content":"Signature and negative number in bottom right hand side.","inscriber":{"name":{"text":"","id":""},"association":{"text":"","id":""}},"date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"description":"","interpretation":"","language":"","medium":"","method":"","position":"","script":"","translation":"","transliteration":"","type":"","note":""}],"objectHistory":"The photograph was initially part of the photographic collection held in the National Art Library. The markings on the mount are an indication of the history of the object, its movement through the museum and the way in which it is categorised. \r\nThe mount is white and has evidence of  handwritten text across the top: IIbd.\r\nOn the right  hand side there is a label with: A.in. Delhi\r\nBottom left: Label from Bourne catalogue, with 'Delhi' handwritten next to it.","historicalContext":"Bourne took this photograph on his journey through India during the 1860s. In the published account of his journey, on his first encounter with Delhi on June 25th 1863 he wrote: ‘Of course Delhi can’t fail to be interesting to the photographer: the Cashmere Gate, the fort, and other noted places must be taken, while its mosques and similar buildings will be photographed for their own merits. About eleven miles from Delhi is the famous Kootub, of which many of my readers have seen Beato’s large photograph, published by Hering, of Regent Street.’\r\n\r\nBourne, S, Photography in the East, The British Journal of Photography, September 1 1863, pg  345.","briefDescription":"Photograph of the ruins of the southern arches at the Qutb Minar complex, Delhi, India, by Samuel Bourne, 1860s.","bibliographicReferences":[{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Bourne, S, Photography in the East, The British Journal of Photography, September 1 1863, pg  345."}],"production":"Bourne visited Delhi in 1863, as mentioned in his writings. He is also likely to have made subsequent visits in 1864 and 1866 though this is not recorded in his writings. This print would have been made before March 1867.","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[{"text":"Delhi","id":"x29851"},{"text":"India","id":"x29790"}],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[],"partNumbers":["53223"],"accessionNumberNum":"53223","accessionNumberPrefix":"","accessionYear":null,"otherNumbers":[{"type":{"text":"Negative number","id":"THES50273"},"number":"1378"}],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":[],"recordModificationDate":"2025-04-15","recordCreationDate":"2004-12-20","availableToBook":true}}