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Many were used as family entertainment. They were seen to be both educational and fun, and were given scientific names, often derived from Greek. The Polyorama Panoptique, as its name suggests, was a French invention. It is a miniature version of a diorama. Its slides are on very thin paper pierced with holes. The scene changes depending on whether the light shines from behind the slide or from above. Two of the slides  feature views of the Paris Exhibition of 1855. The change of scene on one shows the wonderful buildings or the interior depending on the angle of the light.","physicalDescription":"A wooden box covered with green paper, hinged at the back and top. At the centre front is a lens mounted in polished wood and attached to stiff green paper folded in a concertina. The lens is moved by means of a wooden slide fitted into a slot attached to the bottom of the box. The slide moves the concertina of paper and adjusts the lens. The set of twelve slides is housed in the box with a slot at the front to place the slide for viewing into. The slides are hand-coloured lithographs on paper banded with light wooden surrounds.","artistMakerPerson":[{"name":{"text":"Unknown","id":"A1848"},"association":{"text":"","id":""},"note":""}],"artistMakerOrganisations":[],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"paper","id":"x30308"},{"text":"glass","id":"AAT10797"},{"text":"wood","id":"AAT11914"}],"techniques":[],"materialsAndTechniques":"Wood, paper and a glass lens","categories":[{"text":"Dolls & Toys","id":"THES48967"}],"styles":[],"collectionCode":{"text":"YVA","id":"THES48593"},"images":["2018KP5063","2018KP5064","2018KP5065"],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"006","id":"THES343402"},"free":"","case":"","shelf":"","box":""},{"current":{"text":"004","id":"THES343497"},"free":"","case":"","shelf":"","box":""},{"current":{"text":"004","id":"THES343497"},"free":"","case":"","shelf":"","box":""},{"current":{"text":"004","id":"THES343497"},"free":"","case":"","shelf":"","box":""},{"current":{"text":"004","id":"THES343497"},"free":"","case":"","shelf":"","box":""},{"current":{"text":"004","id":"THES343497"},"free":"","case":"","shelf":"","box":""},{"current":{"text":"004","id":"THES343497"},"free":"","case":"","shelf":"","box":""},{"current":{"text":"004","id":"THES343497"},"free":"","case":"","shelf":"","box":""},{"current":{"text":"006","id":"THES343402"},"free":"","case":"","shelf":"","box":""},{"current":{"text":"004","id":"THES343497"},"free":"","case":"","shelf":"","box":""},{"current":{"text":"004","id":"THES343497"},"free":"","case":"","shelf":"","box":""},{"current":{"text":"004","id":"THES343497"},"free":"","case":"","shelf":"","box":""},{"current":{"text":"004","id":"THES343497"},"free":"","case":"","shelf":"","box":""}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"Optical toy","id":""}],[{"text":"Polyorama Panoptique","id":""}],[{"text":"Polyorama Panoptique slide","id":""}],[{"text":"Polyorama Panoptique slide","id":""}],[{"text":"Polyorama Panoptique slide","id":""}],[{"text":"Polyorama Panotiptique Slide","id":""}],[{"text":"Slide","id":""}],[{"text":"Slide","id":""}],[{"text":"Slide","id":""}],[{"text":"Optical toy","id":""}],[{"text":"Slide","id":""}],[{"text":"Polyorama Panotiptique Slide","id":""}],[{"text":"Slide","id":""}],[{"text":"Slide","id":""}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""},{"apprise":"","note":""},{"apprise":"","note":""},{"apprise":"","note":""},{"apprise":"","note":""},{"apprise":"","note":""},{"apprise":"","note":""},{"apprise":"","note":""},{"apprise":"","note":""},{"apprise":"","note":""},{"apprise":"","note":""},{"apprise":"","note":""},{"apprise":"","note":""},{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"France","id":"x28849"},"association":{"text":"manufactured","id":"x29350"},"note":""}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"1855-1860","earliest":"1855-01-01","latest":"1860-12-31"},"association":{"text":"manufactured","id":"x29350"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[],"creditLine":"","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Height","value":"18","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Depth","value":"15","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"minimum","note":""},{"dimension":"Width","value":"22","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"","marksAndInscriptions":[{"content":"Polyorama Panoptique Brevet d'Invention S Gtie du Gouvt.","inscriber":{"name":{"text":"","id":""},"association":{"text":"","id":""}},"date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"description":"","interpretation":"","language":"","medium":"","method":"","position":"","script":"","translation":"","transliteration":"","type":"","note":""}],"objectHistory":"Sold by W E Statham, Operative Chemist, Optician &c. Royal Panopticon, Leicester Square","historicalContext":"","briefDescription":"Polyorama Panoptique optical toy of wood, paper and glass made in France in the late 1850s","bibliographicReferences":[],"production":"","productionType":{"text":"Mass produced","id":"THES48863"},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[],"partNumbers":["E.1733:1-1954","E.1733:2-1954","E.1733:3-1954","E.1733:4-1954","E.1733:5-1954","E.1733:6-1954","E.1733:7-1954","E.1733:8-1954","E.1733:9-1954","E.1733:10-1954","E.1733:11-1954","E.1733:12-1954","E.1733:13-1954"],"accessionNumberNum":"1733","accessionNumberPrefix":"E","accessionYear":1954,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE","Optical toy [1]","Polyorama Panoptique slide [1]","Polyorama Panoptique slide [2]","Polyorama Panoptique slide [3]","Polyorama Panotiptique Slide [1]","Slide [1]","Slide [2]","Slide [3]","Optical toy [2]","Slide [4]","Polyorama Panotiptique Slide [2]","Slide [5]","Slide [6]"],"assets":[],"recordModificationDate":"2026-04-20","recordCreationDate":"2004-11-26","availableToBook":false}}