{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O107393"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O107393/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2006AD1385/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2006AD1385/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"high","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2006AD1385","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2017KA4007","copyright":"©Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2018KV2521","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":{"_iiif_pres":"https://iiif.vam.ac.uk/collections/O107393/manifest.json","_alt_iiif_pres":[]}},"record":{"systemNumber":"O107393","accessionNumber":"A.3-1927","objectType":"Statuette","titles":[{"title":"The Lion of St Mark (?)","type":"generic title"}],"summaryDescription":"This statuette representing a lion with a semi-human face was bought from Captain R. Hollocombe in Mexico, where it was said to have been excarvated, although no further details are known. This is perhaps Latin American, possibly dating from about 1700-1750. The lion may have been originally the companion of a statue of St Mark, or may have been part of a crib. Similar lions with a semi-human face are to be seen accompanying St Jerome at Quito, Equador, Bogotà, Columbia, Juli, Peru and at Guatemala City.","physicalDescription":"Ivory statuette of a lion, stained brown and worn. The feet have been broken away. Two holes on the back near the shoulders seem to have been used for the attachment of wings, possibly representing the Lion of St. Mark.","artistMakerPerson":[{"name":{"text":"Unknown","id":"A1848"},"association":{"text":"","id":""},"note":""}],"artistMakerOrganisations":[],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"ivory","id":"AAT11857"}],"techniques":[{"text":"carving","id":"AAT53149"}],"materialsAndTechniques":"Carved ivory","categories":[{"text":"Sculpture","id":"THES48896"}],"styles":[{"text":"Latin American","id":"AAT80819"}],"collectionCode":{"text":"SCP","id":"THES48600"},"images":["2006AD1385","2017KA4007","2018KV2521"],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"003","id":"THES395353"},"free":"","case":"","shelf":"","box":""}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"Statuette","id":""}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"Mexican","id":"x30050"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":"or Hispano-American"},{"place":{"text":"Mexico","id":"x30050"},"association":{"text":"excavated","id":"AAT53702"},"note":""}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"ca. 1700 - ca. 1750","earliest":"1695-01-01","latest":"1754-12-31"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[],"creditLine":"","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Height","value":"7.5","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Length","value":"9.2","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"","marksAndInscriptions":[],"objectHistory":"The figure has been called perhaps North Italian, thirteenth-forteenth century (Longhurst 1929); other opinions were 'not-Columbian', South German, Indo-Portuguese. Pal Kelemen's was that it was certainly Hispano-American, probably eigtheenth century, pointing out comparable lion figures accompanying St Jerome and remarking that a number of South American artefacts were exported to Mexico (Kelemen II, 1967).","historicalContext":"Believed to have been the companion to a statue of St. Mark or part of a crib almost certainly from Latin America. The carving bears particularly close parallels in the semi-human face to examples found in Ecuador, Columbia, Peru and Guatemala. Such South American artefacts were exported to Mexico.","briefDescription":"Statuette, ivory, of a lion, probably the Lion of St Mark, Mexican or Hispano-American, ca. 1700-1750","bibliographicReferences":[{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Longhurst, Margaret H. <font -u>Catalogue of Carvings in Ivory.</font> London: Published under the Authority of the Board of Education, 1927-1929. Part II. p. 58."},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Kelemen, P. <font -u>Baroque and Rococo in Latin America</font>, New York, 1951, pl. 58"},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Review [1911-1938], <u>Victoria & Albert Museum. Review of the Principal Acquisitions during the Year</u>, London, 1927, p. 7"},{"reference":{"text":"Trusted, Marjorie, <u>Baroque & Later Ivories</u>, Victoria & Albert Museum, London, 2013","id":"AUTH329728"},"details":"p. 362","free":""},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Trusted, Marjorie, <u>Baroque & Later Ivories</u>, Victoria & Albert Museum, London, 2013, p. 362, cat. no. 355"}],"production":"","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[{"text":"lions (animals)","id":"x30150"}],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[],"partNumbers":["A.3-1927"],"accessionNumberNum":"3","accessionNumberPrefix":"A","accessionYear":1927,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":["2015HW1854","2015HW1924"],"recordModificationDate":"2025-09-24","recordCreationDate":"2004-11-22","availableToBook":true}}