{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O1067948"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O1067948/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2016JA2721/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2016JA2721/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"high","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2016JA2721","copyright":"©Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2016JA2776","copyright":"©Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2018KV2591","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":{"_iiif_pres":"https://iiif.vam.ac.uk/collections/O1067948/manifest.json","_alt_iiif_pres":[]}},"record":{"systemNumber":"O1067948","accessionNumber":"P.21-1954","objectType":"Portrait miniature","titles":[{"title":"Portrait Miniature of an Unknown Young Woman, formerly thought to be Queen Elizabeth I as Princess","type":"generic title"}],"summaryDescription":"When this miniature was acquired in 1954 it was described as anonymous work, but has since been associated with Levina Teerlinc. In a chapter published in 2015 the work of Levina Teerlinc was reexamined as part of a reassessment of the workshop practice of Nicholas Hilliard (See Katherine Coombs and Alan Derbyshire, 'Nicholas Hilliard's Workshop Practice reconsidered', in 'Painting in Britain 1500-1630: Production, Influences and Patronage', ed. T.Cooper et al, Oxford, 2015, pp.241-251.) Levina Teerlinc worked for Henry VIII from 1546, receiving an annuity from the crown until her death in 1576. Teerlinc has been nominated as Hilliard’s likely tutor by Roy Strong and V.J.Murrell in their groundbreaking exhibition 'Artists of the Tudor Court', V&A, 1983, asserting that limning was a workshop tradition, passed from master to pupil. But Hilliard himself noted that Henry VIII employed ‘divers others’ for limning, some of whom plausibly worked for the crown after Henry’s death in 1547.  The tendency to attribute miniatures from the 1550s and 1560s predominantly to Teerlinc has been encouraged by Strong’s creation of an oeuvre for this artist, and insistence on an unwavering line of descent from the so-called 'Ghent-Bruges tradition', with Teerlinc, the daughter of Simon Bening, the pivotal link to Hilliard.  But examination of a few of those surviving miniatures from the 1550s to the 1560s suggest that they are probably by different hands, and cannot all be attributed to Teerlinc. The situation today is that there is no consensus as to works which have been attributed to Teerlinc. It is impossible today to assess this miniature which has been heavily overpainted. ","physicalDescription":"The Oval Portrait miniature shows a young woman with clasped hands set against a brilliant blue background, adorned with fur-lined puffed sleeves and wheatsheaf-shaped gold buttons. Miniature set in a gilded frame.","artistMakerPerson":[{"name":{"text":"Levina Teerlinc","id":"A9836"},"association":{"text":"attributed to","id":"THES286691"},"note":""}],"artistMakerOrganisations":[],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"vellum","id":"x42751"},{"text":"card","id":"x30344"}],"techniques":[{"text":"watercolour","id":"THES250889"}],"materialsAndTechniques":"Watercolour on vellum, on card","categories":[{"text":"Paintings","id":"THES48917"},{"text":"Portraits","id":"THES48906"},{"text":"Miniatures","id":"THES269968"},{"text":"Woman Artist","id":"THES387590"}],"styles":[{"text":"English School","id":"x44855"},{"text":"Tudor","id":"AAT21035"}],"collectionCode":{"text":"PDP","id":"THES48595"},"images":["2016JA2721","2016JA2776","2018KV2591"],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"LVLF","id":"THES49656"},"free":"","case":"RMC","shelf":"1","box":"A"}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"miniature","id":"AAT33936"}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"England","id":"x28826"},"association":{"text":"painted","id":"x30138"},"note":""}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"1549","earliest":"1549-01-01","latest":"1549-12-31"},"association":{"text":"painted","id":"x30138"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[],"creditLine":"","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Diameter","value":"4.8","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"image","note":""},{"dimension":"Diameter","value":"55","unit":"mm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"2022","earliest":"2022-01-01","latest":"2022-12-31"},"part":"case, without loop","note":""},{"dimension":"Diameter","value":"70","unit":"mm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"2022","earliest":"2022-01-01","latest":"2022-12-31"},"part":"case, with loop","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"4.8 cm: Taken from <u>Victoria & Albert Museum Department of Prints and Drawings and Department of Paintings Accessions 1954</u> London: HMSO 1963","marksAndInscriptions":[{"content":"'A.D. 1549'","inscriber":{"name":{"text":"","id":""},"association":{"text":"","id":""}},"date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"description":"","interpretation":"","language":"","medium":"","method":"","position":"","script":"","translation":"","transliteration":"","type":"","note":"Dated"},{"content":"'Lady Elizabeth aged 17 Born 1532 Died 1602 by Holben'","inscriber":{"name":{"text":"","id":""},"association":{"text":"","id":""}},"date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"description":"","interpretation":"","language":"","medium":"","method":"","position":"","script":"","translation":"","transliteration":"","type":"","note":"Inscribed on the back in a later hand"}],"objectHistory":"This miniature was Lot 69 at Christie's, 25 June 1954 (reproduced in catalogue).  It was sold by Col. the Hon. Thomas G. Morgan-Grenville, D.S.O., O.B.E., M.C., to whom it had descended from the collection of the 2nd Marquess of Breadalbane.","historicalContext":"","briefDescription":"Portrait Miniature, Portrait Miniature of an Unknown Young Woman, formerly thought to be Queen Elizabeth I as Princess, possibly by Levina Teerlinc (heavily over-painted), watercolour on vellum, English school, 1549.","bibliographicReferences":[{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"<u>Victoria and Albert Museum Department of Prints and Drawings and Department of Paintings Accessions 1954 </u>. London: HMSO, 1963. The full text of the entry is as follows: \"Anonymous : English School, 16th century \r\nMiniature portrait of a girl, formerly thought to be Queen Elizabeth I as Princess. Dated A.D. 1549.  Inscribed on the back in a later hand 'Lady Elizabeth aged 17 Born 1532 Died 1602 by Holbien'. On vellum, on card.  Circular\""},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Andaleeb Badiee Banta and Alexa Greist with Theresa Kutasz Christensen, <i>Making Her Mark: A History of Women Artists in Europe, 1400-1800</i>, Toronto, Baltimore, and Fredericton: Art Gallery of Ontario, Baltimore Museum of Art, and Goose Lane Editions (2023), p. 204, cat. no. 94."},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Katherine Coombs, <u>The Portrait Miniature in England</u>, V&A Publications, 1998, pp.87-92."},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Katherine Coombs, <i>Finney, Samuel (1719-1798)</i>', <u>Oxford Dictionary of National Biography</u>, Oxford University Press, 2004."},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Damiët Schneeweisz, Rosalind McKever, and Adriana Concin. <i>The Portrait Miniature: A New History</i>. London: Thames & Hudson  and the V&A, 2026."},{"reference":{"text":"Damiët Schneeweisz, Rosalind McKever, and Adriana Concin. <i>The Portrait Miniature: A New History</i>. London: Thames & Hudson and the V&A, 2026.","id":"AUTH411474"},"details":"","free":""}],"production":"","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[{"text":"woman","id":"AAT25943"}],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[],"partNumbers":["P.21-1954"],"accessionNumberNum":"21","accessionNumberPrefix":"P","accessionYear":1954,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":[],"recordModificationDate":"2025-12-15","recordCreationDate":"2009-06-30","availableToBook":false}}