{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O1064904"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O1064904/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2018KP6015/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2018KP6015/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"high","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2018KP6015","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2018KP6016","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":{"_iiif_pres":"https://iiif.vam.ac.uk/collections/O1064904/manifest.json","_alt_iiif_pres":[]}},"record":{"systemNumber":"O1064904","accessionNumber":"E.9-1947","objectType":"Brass rubbing","titles":[{"title":"Sir Robert de Bures in armour","type":""},{"title":"Sir Robert de Bures","type":"generic title"}],"summaryDescription":"Monumental brasses are commemorative plaques that served as effigies and were most commonly found in churches. The earliest examples come from the thirteenth century but they were popular up until the seventeenth century and then again in the Victorian Gothic Revival. Surviving brasses from the medieval period are limited due to the turbulent history of the Church but they do survive in considerable numbers in the East of England, Germany and Flanders. Made from an alloy of copper and zinc, a material known as latten, they were laid into church floors and walls. Monumental brasses are historically and stylistically significant because they record dress, architecture, armoury, heraldry (coats of arms and insignia) and palaeography (handwriting) in a dated object. In addition they tell the story of memorial and patronage. \n\r\nThe practice of recording brasses through a process of rubbing originates from the Victorian Gothic Revival. An early method of pouring printer’s ink into engraved lines and then placing damp tissue paper over the brass was replaced around the mid-nineteenth century with the more effective technique of using black shoemaker’s wax, known as heel ball. Brass rubbing continued to be a popular hobby into the twentieth century before the process was understood to cause damage to the brasses. \r\n","physicalDescription":"Rubbing of a memorial brass of Sir Robert de Bures, depicted in armour carrying a shield and a sword, his feet rest on a lion.","artistMakerPerson":[{"name":{"text":"Unknown","id":"A1848"},"association":{"text":"","id":""},"note":""},{"name":{"text":"Unknown","id":"A1848"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28674"},"note":""}],"artistMakerOrganisations":[],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"wax","id":"AAT14585"},{"text":"paper","id":"x30308"}],"techniques":[{"text":"rubbing","id":"AAT178924"}],"materialsAndTechniques":"wax rubbing","categories":[{"text":"Rubbings","id":"THES253217"},{"text":"Death","id":"THES48970"},{"text":"Metalwork","id":"THES48920"},{"text":"Commemoration","id":"THES250532"}],"styles":[],"collectionCode":{"text":"PDP","id":"THES48595"},"images":["2018KP6015","2018KP6016"],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"LVLC","id":"THES49171"},"free":"","case":"MB2B","shelf":"DR105","box":"SS7"}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"brass rubbing","id":"x38760"}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"Suffolk","id":"x29440"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":"Rubbing would have been made on site. Original brass probably made elsewhere."},{"place":{"text":"Surrey","id":"x29197"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"1302","earliest":"1302-01-01","latest":"1302-12-31"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":"Date of original brass. Rubbing probably taken 1920s-30s."},{"date":{"text":"1302","earliest":"1302-01-01","latest":"1302-12-31"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":"date of original brass"},{"date":{"text":"c.1930s","earliest":"1925-01-01","latest":"1943-12-31"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":"Date of rubbing being taken."}],"associatedObjects":[],"creditLine":"Given by Mr O.E.B. Hughes","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Height","value":"1981.2","unit":"mm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"1947","earliest":"1947-01-01","latest":"1947-12-31"},"part":"","note":"Dimensions taken from the Print Room's Print Catalogue and converted from inches."},{"dimension":"Width","value":"482.6","unit":"mm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"1947","earliest":"1947-01-01","latest":"1947-12-31"},"part":"","note":"Dimensions taken from the Print Room's Print Catalogue and converted from inches."},{"dimension":"Height","value":"78","unit":"in","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"1943","earliest":"1943-01-01","latest":"1943-12-31"},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Width","value":"20","unit":"in","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"1943","earliest":"1943-01-01","latest":"1943-12-31"},"part":"","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"","marksAndInscriptions":[],"objectHistory":"Brass rubbing given by Mr. O. E. B. Hughes.","historicalContext":"","briefDescription":"Rubbing of a brass effigy of Sir Robert de Bures depicted in armour, 1302, Acton Church, Suffolk.","bibliographicReferences":[{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"<u>Victoria and Albert Museum, Department of  Engraving, Illustration and Design &amp; Department of  Paintings, Accessions 1947</u>, London: HMSO, 1950."},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Mill Stephenson, <U>A List of Monumental Brasses in the British Isles</u>, London, 1926, and Supplement, 1956."},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"vol. 24","free":"<u>V&A Print Room's Print Catalogue: BRASS RUBBINGS CATALOGUE 1277-1434</u>, 1991"}],"production":"","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[],"partNumbers":["E.9-1947"],"accessionNumberNum":"9","accessionNumberPrefix":"E","accessionYear":1947,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":[],"recordModificationDate":"2025-04-05","recordCreationDate":"2009-06-30","availableToBook":false}}