{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O1062616"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O1062616/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2018KP7912/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2018KP7912/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"high","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2018KP7912","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2014HD3364","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":{"_iiif_pres":"https://iiif.vam.ac.uk/collections/O1062616/manifest.json","_alt_iiif_pres":[]}},"record":{"systemNumber":"O1062616","accessionNumber":"E.2333-1930","objectType":"Brass rubbing","titles":[],"summaryDescription":"Monumental brasses are commemorative plaques that served as effigies and were most commonly found in churches. The earliest examples come from the thirteenth century but they were popular up until the seventeenth century and then again in the Victorian Gothic Revival. Surviving brasses from the medieval period are limited due to the turbulent history of the Church but they do survive in considerable numbers in the East of England, Germany and Flanders. Made from an alloy of copper and zinc, a material known as latten, they were laid into church floors and walls. Monumental brasses are historically and stylistically significant because they record dress, architecture, armoury, heraldry (coats of arms and insignia) and palaeography (handwriting) in a dated object. In addition they tell the story of memorial and patronage. \n\r\nThe practice of recording brasses through a process of rubbing originates from the Victorian Gothic Revival. An early method of pouring printer’s ink into engraved lines and then placing damp tissue paper over the brass was replaced around the mid-nineteenth century with the more effective technique of using black shoemaker’s wax, known as heel ball. Brass rubbing continued to be a popular hobby into the twentieth century before the process was understood to cause damage to the brasses. ","physicalDescription":"Rubbing of a rectangular plate effigy of Thomas de la Mare, Abbot of St Albans. Thomas is depicted as a mitred abbot. He wears an alb (long linen vestment reaching to the feet, commonly white, sometimes coloured) with apparel (embroidary applied to the alb ; or amice - originally a hood but commonly worn down), stole (long embroidered strip worn around the neck and crossed over the breast), chausible (covered the other vestments and made of the richest materials, velvet or cloth of gold). Thomas is displayed in a central arch surrounded by niches containing saints. The central arch and niches reflect the gothic architectural style of the period. The symbols of the Evangelists  decorate the four corners. This is one of a few examples of foreign workmanship in England. ","artistMakerPerson":[],"artistMakerOrganisations":[],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"wax","id":"AAT14585"},{"text":"paper","id":"x30308"}],"techniques":[{"text":"rubbing","id":"AAT178924"}],"materialsAndTechniques":"wax rubbing of monumental brass on paper","categories":[{"text":"Rubbings","id":"THES253217"},{"text":"Death","id":"THES48970"},{"text":"Commemoration","id":"THES250532"},{"text":"Metalwork","id":"THES48920"}],"styles":[],"collectionCode":{"text":"PDP","id":"THES48595"},"images":["2018KP7912","2014HD3364"],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"001","id":"THES383906"},"free":"","case":"","shelf":"","box":""}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"brass rubbing","id":"x38760"}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"ca. 1370","earliest":"1365-01-01","latest":"1374-12-31"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[],"creditLine":"","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Height","value":"2838.45","unit":"mm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"1930","earliest":"1930-01-01","latest":"1930-12-31"},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Width","value":"1333.5","unit":"mm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"1930","earliest":"1930-01-01","latest":"1930-12-31"},"part":"","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"Dimensions taken from the Print Room's Print Catalogue and converted from inches.","marksAndInscriptions":[],"objectHistory":"Rubbing take at St Albans Abbey, Hertfordshire","historicalContext":"","briefDescription":"Rubbing of a brass effigy of Thomas de la Mare, Abbot of St Albans, engraved ca. 1370-80, St Albans Abbey, Hertfordshire","bibliographicReferences":[{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"vol. 24","free":"<u>V&amp;A Print Room's Print Catalogue: BRASS RUBBINGS CATALOGUE 1277-143</u>4, 1991"},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"vol. I","free":"Stephenson, Mill, <u>A List of Monumental Brasses in the British Isles</u>. London: Headley Brothers, 1926, and supplement, 1956. "}],"production":"","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[{"text":"St Albans","id":"x33321"}],"contentPerson":[],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[],"partNumbers":["E.2333-1930"],"accessionNumberNum":"2333","accessionNumberPrefix":"E","accessionYear":1930,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":[],"recordModificationDate":"2025-04-15","recordCreationDate":"2009-06-30","availableToBook":false}}