{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O1052916"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O1052916/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2018KV8014/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2018KV8014/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"high","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2018KV8014","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":{"_iiif_pres":"https://iiif.vam.ac.uk/collections/O1052916/manifest.json","_alt_iiif_pres":[]}},"record":{"systemNumber":"O1052916","accessionNumber":"E.2390-1929","objectType":"Brass rubbing","titles":[],"summaryDescription":"Monumental brasses are commemorative plaques that served as effigies and were most commonly found in churches. The earliest examples come from the thirteenth century but they were popular up until the seventeenth century and then again in the Victorian Gothic Revival. Surviving brasses from the medieval period are limited due to the turbulent history of the Church but they do survive in considerable numbers in the East of England, Germany and Flanders. Made from an alloy of copper and zinc, a material known as latten, they were laid into church floors and walls. Monumental brasses are historically and stylistically significant because they record dress, architecture, armoury, heraldry (coats of arms and insignia) and palaeography (handwriting) in a dated object. In addition they tell the story of memorial and patronage. \n\r\nThe practice of recording brasses through a process of rubbing originates from the Victorian Gothic Revival. An early method of pouring printer’s ink into engraved lines and then placing damp tissue paper over the brass was replaced around the mid-nineteenth century with the more effective technique of using black shoemaker’s wax, known as heel ball. Brass rubbing continued to be a popular hobby into the twentieth century before the process was understood to cause damage to the brasses. ","physicalDescription":"Rubbing of the coffin plate of Sir Thomas Browne, who died in 1682. The rubbing is unclear as the coffin plate was badly damaged.","artistMakerPerson":[{"name":{"text":"Unknown","id":"A1848"},"association":{"text":"","id":""},"note":""}],"artistMakerOrganisations":[],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"paper","id":"x30308"}],"techniques":[{"text":"rubbing","id":"AAT178924"}],"materialsAndTechniques":"Brass rubbing","categories":[{"text":"Rubbings","id":"THES253217"},{"text":"Prints","id":"THES48903"},{"text":"Commemoration","id":"THES250532"}],"styles":[],"collectionCode":{"text":"PDP","id":"THES48595"},"images":["2018KV8014"],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"A001","id":"THES384089"},"free":"","case":"","shelf":"","box":""}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"brass rubbings","id":"x38760"}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"Norwich","id":"x29054"},"association":{"text":"Made","id":"x28654"},"note":"Rubbing from brass in Church of St Peter Mancroft"}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"post 1682","earliest":"1683-01-01","latest":null},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[],"creditLine":"","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Height","value":"7.25","unit":"in","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"1929","earliest":"1929-01-01","latest":"1929-12-31"},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Width","value":"7.625","unit":"in","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"1929","earliest":"1929-01-01","latest":"1929-12-31"},"part":"","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"Dimensions taken from <u>Victoria and Albert Museum, Department of Engraving, Illustration and Design and Department of Paintings, Accessions 1929</u>, London: Board of Education, 1930.","marksAndInscriptions":[{"content":"M. S. Hic situs est Thomas Browne M. D. Miles. Ao. 1605, Londini natus, Generosâ Familiâ apud Upton in Agro Cestriensi oriundus, Scholâ Primum Wintoniensi, postea in Coll. Pembr. apud Oxonienses, bonis literis haud leviter imbutus, in urbe hac Nordovicensi Medicinam Arte egregia et fœlici successû professus. Scriptis quibus Tituli, RELIGIO MEDICI, et PESU DODOXIA EPIDEMICA, alijsque, per Orbem notissimus. Vir prudentissimus, Integerrimus. Doctissimus; obijt Oct. 19, 1682. Piè posuit mæstissima Conjux Domina Doroth. Browne. ","inscriber":{"name":{"text":"","id":""},"association":{"text":"","id":""}},"date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"description":"","interpretation":"","language":"","medium":"","method":"","position":"","script":"","translation":"","transliteration":"","type":"","note":""}],"objectHistory":"The coffin plate was removed during gravedigging in 1840, and was broken in two.","historicalContext":"","briefDescription":"Brass rubbing (coffin plate) of Sir Thomas Browne, from Church of St Peter Mancroft, Norwich","bibliographicReferences":[{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"<u>Victoria and Albert Museum, Department of Engraving, Illustration and Design and Department of Paintings, Accessions 1929</u>, London: Board of Education, 1930."}],"production":"","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[],"associatedPerson":[{"text":"Browne, Thomas","id":"AUTH328601"}],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[],"partNumbers":["E.2390-1929"],"accessionNumberNum":"2390","accessionNumberPrefix":"E","accessionYear":1929,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":[],"recordModificationDate":"2025-04-05","recordCreationDate":"2009-06-30","availableToBook":false}}