{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O102405"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O102405/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2009CT2906/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2009CT2906/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"high","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2009CT2906","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2006AA8073","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2006AA8072","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2006AA8071","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2006AA8070","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2006AA8069","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2012FV0994","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2012FV0995","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2012FV0996","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2006AF4100","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2017JX8563","copyright":"©Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2017KJ9901","copyright":"©Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2019MA7461","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2019MA7443","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2019MA7442","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2019MA7441","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2019MA7440","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2019MA7438","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2019MA7437","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":{"_iiif_pres":"https://iiif.vam.ac.uk/collections/O102405/manifest.json","_alt_iiif_pres":[]}},"record":{"systemNumber":"O102405","accessionNumber":"137-1891","objectType":"Altarpiece","titles":[],"summaryDescription":"This extravagantly carved altarpiece captures the full drama of the Crucifixion with vivid realism. Christ is suspended above, while below in the crowd the Virgin Mary faints. Roman soldiers and many onlookers complete the scene. The predella panel below shows the Nativity: Christ’s birth is contrasted with his violent death.","physicalDescription":"The altarpiece is carved in pearwood.  The upper section represents the Crucifixion and the lower predella the Nativity.\r\n\r\nThe upper section is arranged in a triangular formation, on a rocky background which recedes to the upper most point of Christ on the Cross. Slightly below and to each side of Christ are the two thieves, also put to death by crucifixion. In the foreground the Virgin has fainted and is being supported by two holy women. On the left is John the Evangelist and to the right is Mary Magdalene. St Veronica is also depicted holding a cloth with an impression of the face of Christ. Surrounding the central group are Jewish soldiers on horseback alongside foot soldiers holding banners. The immediate foreground shows soldiers casting dice for Christ's garments and to the side are more soldiers as well as women and children.\r\n\r\nThe central panel of the predella shows a stable upheld by four pillars. Within the stable and in the foreground of the relief the Virgin is seated with the infant Christ with St. Joseph and three angels surrounding her. In addition, the three shepherds are offering gifts to Christ. The left background shows a detailed rocky landscape receding in to the distance. \r\n\r\nThe central panel is flanked by two narrower panels. On the right hand panel a vase supported by a wheel stand is carved in the centre of the relief. The wheel stand appears to be pulled forward by five unicorns. Two cherubs stand on the wheel stand and reach out towards the unicorns. Above the vase stands a demi-figure which is holding a wreath. Further above the wreath is a phoenix and to left and right of the phoenix are two cherubs. Finally, to each side of the demi-figure are mermaids and masks, one of the sun, the other of the moon.\r\n\r\nThe left hand panel depicts a coffer supporting a column which is surmounted by a lion’s mask with floral scroll decoration from which hangs the cloth of St Veronica. An hourglass is carved above with a cock on either side (one missing) and a pelican above. Beneath the base of the coffer are two demi-figures and floral scrolls which are surrounded by cherubs.","artistMakerPerson":[{"name":{"text":"del Maino, Giovan Angelo","id":"A15229"},"association":{"text":"possibly","id":"THES285217"},"note":""},{"name":{"text":"del Maino, Tiburzio","id":"A15230"},"association":{"text":"possibly","id":"THES285217"},"note":""}],"artistMakerOrganisations":[],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"pearwood","id":"x34734"}],"techniques":[{"text":"carved","id":"AAT53149"}],"materialsAndTechniques":"Carved pearwood","categories":[{"text":"Religion","id":"THES48900"}],"styles":[],"collectionCode":{"text":"SCP","id":"THES48600"},"images":["2009CT2906","2006AA8073","2006AA8072","2006AA8071","2006AA8070","2006AA8069","2012FV0994","2012FV0995","2012FV0996","2006AF4100","2017JX8563","2017KJ9901","2019MA7461","2019MA7443","2019MA7442","2019MA7441","2019MA7440","2019MA7438","2019MA7437"],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"64 (VA)","id":"THES49735"},"free":"","case":"1","shelf":"","box":""},{"current":{"text":"64 (VA)","id":"THES49735"},"free":"","case":"1","shelf":"","box":""}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"altarpieces","id":"AAT75940"}],[{"text":"altarpieces","id":"AAT75940"}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""},{"apprise":"","note":""},{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"Lombardy","id":"x29366"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":"probably"}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"1527-1533","earliest":"1527-01-01","latest":"1533-12-31"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[],"creditLine":"","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Depth","value":"25","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Height","value":"146.1","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"crucifixion","note":""},{"dimension":"Height","value":"61","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"nativity","note":""},{"dimension":"Width","value":"134.6","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"crucifixion","note":""},{"dimension":"Width","value":"147.3","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"nativity","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"Measured for the Medieval and Renaissance Galleries","marksAndInscriptions":[],"objectHistory":"This carving formed part of an altarpiece in Sant'Agostino, Piacenza where it remained until 1841. The drapery forms and grouping recall various paintings by Gaudenzio Ferrari in Piedmont.","historicalContext":"","briefDescription":"Two parts of an altarpiece from Sant'Agostino, Piacenza, depicting the Nativity and the Crucifixion, Lombardy, 1st quarter 16th century","bibliographicReferences":[{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"<u>List of Objects in the Art Division South Kensington Museum acquired during the Year 1891. Arranged according to the dates of acquisition, with appendix and indices.</u> London: Eyre and Spottiswoode, 1892. pp. 26-7"},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Maclagan, E, and Longhurst, Margaret, H. <u>Catalogue of Italian Sculpture.</u> London: V&A, 1932. pp.53-4"},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Pope-Hennessy, John, assisted by Lightbown, Ronald. <u>Catalogue of Italian Sculpture in the Victoria and Albert Museum.</u> London: HMSO, 1964, (3 volumes) vol. 2, pp. 563-65, cat. 602, figs. 588-90."},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Casciaro, R. <u>La scultura lignea lombarda del Rinascimento.</u> Milan: 2000, pp.189-95, figs 206-10, 343-44."},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Schmidt, Eike D. 'Ein dokumentierter Kalvarienberg aus Elfenbein von Balthasar Permoser in Florenz'. <u>Pantheon</u> LV. 1997, pp. 101-2. fig. 27"},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"'Giovan Angelo del Maino II, La svolta moderna.' <u>Nuovi studi 1</u> 1996. no.2. pp.21-33"},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Romano, Giovanni and Salsi, Claudio (eds), <i>Maestri della Scultura in Legno nel Ducato degli Sforza</i>, (exh.cat. Castello Sforzesco, Milan, 21 October 2005-29 January 2006), Milan 2005, pp.210-13, cat.no.III.18 "},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Gasparotto, Davide, 'The Del Maino altarpice in the Victoria and Albert Museum in its original context' in Motture, Peta; Jones, Emma and Zikos, Dimitrios (eds), <i>Carvings, Casts &amp; Collectors. The Art of Renaissance Sculpture</i>, London 2014 (2nd ed.), pp.88-103"}],"production":"","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[{"text":"Jesus Christ","id":"N1515"}],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[{"text":"The Crucifixion","id":"V106"},{"text":"Nativity, The","id":"V23"}],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[{"text":"people","id":"AAT24979"},{"text":"crosses","id":"AAT10047"}],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[{"text":"TWO PARTS OF AN ALTARPIECE,1527–33\nProbably by Giovanni Angelo del Maino and Tiburzio (?) del Maino (both active 1496–1536), Italy\r\n\r\nThis extravagantly carved altarpiece captures the full drama of the Crucifixion with vivid realism. \nChrist is suspended above, while below in the crowd the Virgin Mary faints. Roman soldiers and many onlookers complete the scene. \nThe predella panel below shows the Nativity: Christ’s birth is contrasted with his violent death.\r\n\r\nItaly, Lombardy\r\n\r\nPearwood\r\n\r\nFrom the church of Sant'Agostino, Piacenza\r\n\r\nMuseum no. 137-1891","date":{"text":"2019","earliest":"2019-01-01","latest":"2019-12-31"}}],"partNumbers":["137-1891","137:2-1891"],"accessionNumberNum":"137","accessionNumberPrefix":"","accessionYear":1891,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE","Altarpiece","Altarpiece predella"],"assets":["2019LN4288","2019LT1251","2019LT1165","2019LU5966"],"recordModificationDate":"2025-04-15","recordCreationDate":"2004-08-16","availableToBook":false}}