{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O100500"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O100500/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2006AG6256/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2006AG6256/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"high","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2006AG6256","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2006AF7663","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":{"_iiif_pres":"https://iiif.vam.ac.uk/collections/O100500/manifest.json","_alt_iiif_pres":[]}},"record":{"systemNumber":"O100500","accessionNumber":"C.237 to B-1987","objectType":"Ice-pail, liner and cover","titles":[{"title":"Seau a glace","type":"manufacturer's title"},{"title":"jatte a glace","type":"manufacturer's title"}],"summaryDescription":"This ice-cream pail would probably have been one of a pair included in a dessert service with matching decoration.  In the 1700s, the ability to keep anything cold during the summer indicated the wealth and status of an individual.  Ice was hewn from the rivers in winter and stored in ice-houses for use during hot weather.  The interior of the ice-pail and its deep cover would have been filled with crushed ice and the ice-cream spooned  into the plain liner inside where it would freeze, or almost freeze, sandwiched in between.\nIce-pails were made at Sèvres from 1758 onwards.  We know the first ones mentioned in the records were included in a service given by Louis XV to the Empress Maria-Theresa of Austria in 1758.  These, together with their matching service items decorated with green ribbons and flowers, can still be seen in the Hofburg Palace in Vienna today.","physicalDescription":"Ice-pail of round shape with angular handles, the deep cover with a handle formed by two upright C-shaped acanthus fronds.  The pail and cover are decorated with flowers sprays, the rims with blue enamel feathered borders and gilded lines, the liner is undecorated.","artistMakerPerson":[],"artistMakerOrganisations":[{"name":{"text":"Sèvres porcelain factory","id":"A406"},"association":{"text":"manufacturer","id":"x33306"},"note":""}],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"soft paste porcelain","id":"AAT10665"}],"techniques":[{"text":"painted","id":"AAT54216"},{"text":"glazed","id":"AAT53914"},{"text":"gilt","id":"AAT53789"}],"materialsAndTechniques":"Soft-paste porcelain, painted in enamels and gilt","categories":[{"text":"Ceramics","id":"THES48982"},{"text":"Porcelain","id":"THES48907"},{"text":"Drinking","id":"THES48965"}],"styles":[],"collectionCode":{"text":"CER","id":"THES48594"},"images":["2006AG6256","2006AF7663"],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"3","id":"THES263060"},"free":"","case":"CA7","shelf":"","box":""},{"current":{"text":"3","id":"THES263060"},"free":"","case":"CA7","shelf":"","box":""},{"current":{"text":"3","id":"THES263060"},"free":"","case":"CA7","shelf":"","box":""}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"Ice pail body","id":""}],[{"text":"Ice pail cover","id":""}],[{"text":"Ice pail liner","id":""}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""},{"apprise":"","note":""},{"apprise":"","note":""},{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"France","id":"x28849"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"1778","earliest":"1778-01-01","latest":"1778-12-31"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[],"creditLine":"Bequeathed by Mrs T. R. P. Hole","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Height","value":"220","unit":"mm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Width","value":"240","unit":"mm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Depth","value":"191","unit":"mm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"Measured, with parts assembled, by Conservation.","marksAndInscriptions":[{"content":"Interlaced 'L's in blue enamel with date letter 'AA'","inscriber":{"name":{"text":"","id":"A8728"},"association":{"text":"","id":""}},"date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"description":"","interpretation":"","language":"","medium":"","method":"","position":"","script":"","translation":"","transliteration":"","type":"","note":"Maker's mark"},{"content":"'L' in blue enamel, probably for Denis Levé","inscriber":{"name":{"text":"","id":"A8728"},"association":{"text":"","id":""}},"date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"description":"","interpretation":"","language":"","medium":"","method":"","position":"","script":"","translation":"","transliteration":"","type":"","note":"Painter's mark, Denis Levé was active 1754-1805"},{"content":"'BD' in blue enamel for François Baudouin","inscriber":{"name":{"text":"","id":"A8728"},"association":{"text":"","id":""}},"date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"description":"","interpretation":"","language":"","medium":"","method":"","position":"","script":"","translation":"","transliteration":"","type":"","note":"Gilder's mark, François Baudouin, père, was active from 1750-1800"},{"content":"none","inscriber":{"name":{"text":"","id":"A8728"},"association":{"text":"","id":""}},"date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"description":"","interpretation":"","language":"","medium":"","method":"","position":"","script":"","translation":"","transliteration":"","type":"","note":"incised"}],"objectHistory":"Bequeathed by Mrs. T.R.P. Hole.","historicalContext":"","briefDescription":"Porcelain ice-pail, cover and liner, the pail and cover painted in enamels and gilt, made by Sèvres porcelain factory, France, 1778","bibliographicReferences":[{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Marcelle Brunet and Tamara Préaud.  <u>Sèvres des origines à nos jours</u>, Office du  Livre, 1978, see catalogue no. 151, 174p. for an example at Waddesdon Manor of about 1767-1770 with a turquoise ground reserved with birds in landscapes.  Ice-cream pails or coolers were used to serve ice-cream during the dessert course.  The ice-cream sat in the inner liner, kept cold by two layers of crushed ice: one in the body of the pail below, the other filling the deep cover above.  The factory inventory of 1st October 1759 lists a mould and an example of <i>seau à glace</i> of the second size.  An example, priced 432 livres was included in the ribbons service presented by Louis XV to the Empress Marie-Thérèse of Austria in December 1758.  In presentation services from then on there was always at least one pair of ice-cream pails, sometimes two.  The service ordered by the Empress Catherine II of Russia included ten pairs."},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Geoffrey de Bellaigue. <u> The Louis XVI Service, Sèvres Porcelain in the Collection of Her Majesty the Queen</u>, Cambridge University Press 1986.  See plate XX for the single example of this shape included in the dessert part of the Louis XVI service.  Dated 1785, it is decorated with a blue ground and mythological scenes by Dodin and gilded by Le Guay, it was delivered on 23rd October of that year, see catalogue no. 43."},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Geoffrey de Bellaigue.  <u>French Porcelain in the Collection of Her Majesty the Queen</u>, Royal Collection Publications, 2009, 3 vols.  For a discussion of this shape see vol. II, catalogue no. 153 and vol III, Glossary A, shape 18."}],"production":"","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[{"text":"flowers","id":"AAT132399"}],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[{"text":"<b>Family label for Europe 1600-1815:</b>\n\nIce cream was a great luxury in the 1770s. Strange flavours were invented, including cheese. This pail was made to keep ice cream cold using ice. Before modern machines, ice could be made by collecting snow and packing it tightly into an underground room to stop it from melting.\r\n\nWhat is the strangest flavour of ice cream you can think of?","date":{"text":"09/12/2015","earliest":"2015-12-09","latest":"2015-12-09"}}],"partNumbers":["C.237-1987","C.237A-1987","C.237B-1987"],"accessionNumberNum":"237","accessionNumberPrefix":"C","accessionYear":1987,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE","Ice pail body","Ice pail cover","Ice pail liner"],"assets":["2019LM9418","2019LN1082","2019LN1689","2019LW7447","2019LW6537","2019LW4844"],"recordModificationDate":"2025-04-08","recordCreationDate":"2004-06-07","availableToBook":false}}